What we often see clinically is that women who have had sex have frequent, urgent and painful urination after sex. This is a common urinary tract infection. We can explain this disease from the following aspects. The urethra of women is short, wide and straight, so it is easy to have sexual intercourse that can cause upstream infection, leading to cystitis and pyelonephritis. Laboratory tests can reveal white blood cells and red blood cells in the urine. Based on urinary tract irritation and positive results of routine urine tests, we can diagnose the patient with acute urethritis, acute cystitis, and if complicated by fever and back pain, we should pay attention to acute pyelonephritis. If such a condition is found, there is no need to be anxious. Patients with mild cases can be treated with oral medication. For example, levofloxacin or Chinese medicine to clear heat and dampness. If the condition progresses to acute pyelonephritis, you will need to be hospitalized for infusion therapy. The usual hospitalization course is about five to seven days. The medication used can also be levofloxacin or an aminoglycoside antimicrobial, which alkalizes the urine. After discharge from the hospital, patients are instructed to drink more water and urinate more often. Urination has a flushing effect on the bladder. In time, it reduces the upward movement of bacteria into the bladder or kidneys. In summary, painful urination in women is a symptom of urinary tract irritation, often due to urinary tract infection.