Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinical arrhythmia. The incidence of atrial fibrillation increases gradually with age. However, atrial fibrillation is sometimes easily underdiagnosed. Both physicians and patients tend to be under-aware of the dangers of atrial fibrillation, and the results of previous drug therapy have been unsatisfactory. New drugs are constantly being introduced. Catheter-based radiofrequency ablation techniques have also been developed to treat atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation, also known as atrial fibrillation, is the most common clinical arrhythmia. The incidence of atrial fibrillation increases gradually with age, with a significant increase after the age of 60. Atrial fibrillation can be classified as incipient atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, persistent atrial fibrillation, and permanent atrial fibrillation. During an episode of atrial fibrillation, patients usually experience palpitations, weakness and dizziness. However, sometimes atrial fibrillation attacks and patients are asymptomatic; and a large percentage of patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation also have episodes of asymptomatic atrial fibrillation. Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation by ECG alone is not enough, especially paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is easy to be missed, and further ambulatory ECG examination or ECG monitoring is needed. Both doctors and patients tend to be under-aware of the dangers of atrial fibrillation. The most serious complication of atrial fibrillation is stroke (commonly known as “stroke”), which is five times more common in patients with atrial fibrillation and has more serious consequences, with increased mortality within one year of onset and a nearly 50% increased risk of serious long-term disability after stroke. Previous pharmacological treatment, which consisted mainly of antiarrhythmic therapy such as cortisone and anticoagulation such as warfarin, did not yield satisfactory results. Often, the vast majority of patients do not receive adequate anticoagulation because of excessive physician or patient concern about complications such as bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation and the need for regular monitoring with warfarin, but anticoagulation is the best means of preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. The risk of bleeding with anticoagulation is more serious and uncontrollable than the risk of developing a stroke without anticoagulation. Newer antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant therapy drugs with fewer side effects and easier use are constantly being introduced. In some hospitals, catheter-based radiofrequency ablation can be used to treat atrial fibrillation, which has the advantages of being less invasive and having a higher success rate, while the use of three-dimensional markers, navigation systems, real-time imaging techniques, and advances in force-sensing technology have improved the success rate of catheter ablation.