Gestational diabetes includes pre-pregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes. Pre-pregnancy diabetes Patients who have been diagnosed with diabetes before pregnancy, or pregnant women who have not had a glucose test before pregnancy, especially those with risk factors for diabetes, should have a first prenatal test for H焉锲谘巧叽锏揭韵氯魏我幌畋曜加φ锒衔星疤悄虿. (1) fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L; (2) 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 2 h after taking sugar ≥ 11.1 mmol/L; (3) with typical hyperglycemic symptoms or hyperglycemic crisis, along with random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L. (4) glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1 c) ≥ 6.5%. Gestational diabetes mellitus All pregnant women who have not been diagnosed with pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes mellitus will have OGTT (oral 75g glucose tolerance test) at 24-28 weeks of gestation and at the first visit after 28 weeks. The diagnostic criteria for OGTT are: fasting glucose greater than or equal to 5.1; or 1 hour postprandial greater than or equal to 10.0; or 2 hours postprandial greater than or equal to 8.5. Glucose in pregnancy GDM patients’ glucose control during pregnancy should be ≤5.3 and 6.7 mmol/L before and 2 h after meal respectively, and in special cases, the glucose ≤7.8 mmol/L 1 h after meal can be measured; nighttime glucose should not be less than 3.3 mmol/L; HbAlc during pregnancy should be <5.5%. The glycemic control of PGDM patients during pregnancy should achieve the following goals: glycemic control should not be too strict in early pregnancy to prevent hypoglycemia; preprandial and nocturnal glycemia and FPG should be controlled at 3.3~5.6 mmol/L, peak postprandial glycemia at 5.6~7.1 mmol/L and HbAlc<6.0% during pregnancy. Regardless of gdm or pgdm, if blood glucose during pregnancy does not reach the above standards after diet and exercise management, insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs should be added promptly to further control blood glucose.