When you have diabetes, you need to restrict your diet moderately. During pregnancy, you need to increase your nutritional intake. Both of these points are well known truths. If a pregnant woman encounters diabetes, what should she do? Eat more, worried about the rise in blood glucose jeopardize health; eat less, worried about the impact of fetal growth and development. More and can not, less and can not, such a “diet paradox” so that many pregnant women with diabetes and their families have a big headache, how to catch that “just right” balance point? Whether you have diabetes before pregnancy (diabetes in pregnancy) or develop diabetes after pregnancy (gestational diabetes), it is necessary to keep your blood glucose within the target range. High blood glucose not only increases pregnancy-related risks such as miscarriage, preterm labor, infection, and postpartum hemorrhage, but also tends to cause excessive fetal weight, make delivery more difficult, induce hypoglycemia in newborns, and even increase the rate of fetal teratogenicity. Although there are so many harms, but gestational diabetes also has a “good” side: compared with the need to take medication for life, gestational diabetes, as the name suggests, only occurs in the pregnancy stage, most of them can recover on their own after delivery, even during pregnancy, may not always need medication, through the management of the scientific diet is possible to let the blood glucose standard. First, grasp the total amount of diet How can pregnant women quickly determine whether they eat more, or less? Monitoring weight is a simple, convenient and effective method. With the growth of the fetus, the pregnant woman’s abdomen is expanding, and her weight is increasing. The total daily dietary intake should be compatible with the pre-pregnancy, as well as the rate of weight gain during pregnancy. Take an example to illustrate this problem: Pregnant women A, pre-pregnancy height 1.60m, weight 50kg, body mass index BMI = 19.5, belonging to the standard weight (18.5 ~ 23.9). As shown in the figure, when Xiao A reaches the middle and late stages of pregnancy (13 to 40 weeks), the average weekly weight gain should be 0.42 kg. If the upper limit is exceeded by 0.5 kg, it suggests that the overall intake of food is on the high side and should be reduced moderately; if it is lower than the lower limit by 0.35 kg, it suggests that the intake is insufficient and needs to be increased moderately. Through the weight growth rate, we can make a general judgment on whether the total nutritional intake of pregnant women is appropriate. Of course, to develop a more accurate and detailed nutrition program is not an easy task, but also need to be under the guidance of doctors and dietitians, according to the physical condition of each pregnant woman, the different weeks of pregnancy, calculate the total daily calories, and rational allocation of the proportion of nutrients. Both to provide adequate nutrition for pregnant women to ensure the normal growth and development of the fetus, but also to prevent excessive weight gain and hyperglycemic hazards, but also to avoid excessive food restriction triggered by starvation ketosis and hypoglycemia. Second, food selection during pregnancy Determine the total amount of food, the next step is to learn how to choose the right food for pregnant women with diabetes. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes, by no means means and food insulation, as long as you follow some basic principles, pregnancy recipes can still be colorful. To avoid a rapid rise in blood sugar, food choices should follow the “low glycemic index principle”. Glycemic index (GI) reflects the ability of food to raise blood sugar. For example, staple foods such as rice (88), noodles (81.6) and mashed potatoes (79) have a high GI value, so it is recommended to moderately increase the number of low GI foods such as buckwheat, black rice and beans. Most vegetables (except root vegetables) and fruits are low GI foods, which also provide rich vitamins and minerals. For example, cherries (22), grapefruit (25), peaches (28), apples (36), pears (36), mandarin oranges (43), bananas (52), kiwis (52), etc., are all common and tasty low GI fruits, so you can’t let them go, but it is recommended that you choose fresh fruits instead of fruit juices. Refined sugars such as sucrose are a big no-no for gestational diabetes. If you are sweet-free, you can use non-nutritive sweeteners instead, such as aspartame and sucralose. Foods such as lean meat, poultry, fish and shrimp, and low-fat/skimmed milk products are essential sources of protein. For fats and oils, olive oil, camellia oil, corn oil, etc. are recommended for pregnant women with diabetes as flavoring oils. Foods high in saturated fatty acids, such as animal fats and oils, and full-fat milk, are strictly limited, and trans-fatty acids, such as margarine, phytolacca, and creamer, are avoided. Third, optimize the eating habits Determine the total amount of diet, a reasonable choice of food, diabetic pregnant women also need to do a little article on the eating habits. For example, each meal should not be too full, should take a small amount of the principle of multiple meals, the total food distribution throughout the day to three main meals + 2 to 4 meals, between meals and bedtime is a good time to eat snacks, fruit. Fourth, exercise is equally important When it comes to diet, you can’t leave out exercise. For gestational diabetes, exercise and diet are equally important. Although pregnancy constraints on the activities of pregnant women, but for their own health, but also for the normal development of the baby, it is still recommended to hold out the belly of the mothers fear hard work, to ensure that 3 to 4 times a week, 30 minutes each time, low to medium-intensity aerobic exercise, such as walking, jogging, swimming, yoga, aerobic dance and so on. Note that exercise should be chosen after 30 minutes after meals, and there should also be a 5 to 10 minute warm-up before exercise. Some sports are to be avoided, such as basketball, gymnastics and other forms of exercise that will increase the risk of forceful contact or falling; in the middle and late stages of pregnancy to avoid doing supine exercise, in order to prevent the obstruction of the flow of the inferior vena cava. V. Conclusion Good diet and exercise habits can help pregnant women stay away from gestational diabetes. However, if these methods are ineffective, it is necessary to choose appropriate and safe medications under the guidance of a doctor, and never blindly refuse to use medication. Choices made on the grounds of ‘love’ and ‘protection’ against medical principles will often bring more harm to yourself and your baby.