The treatment of thyroid nodules is related to the nature of the nodules. For benign and asymptomatic thyroid nodules, regular follow-up is usually sufficient; if the nodules are enlarged, have symptoms of pressure, or have a tendency to malignant changes, surgical treatment may be required under the supervision of a physician; if the nodules have caused thyroid dysfunctions, treatment with antithyroid medications or levothyroxine may be required. Ultrasound is the most important imaging tool for evaluating thyroid nodules. Ultrasound can determine whether the nodule is single or multiple, the size of the nodule, the morphological features of the nodule, and the blood supply status of the nodule. By evaluating the morphological features of the nodule, sometimes in combination with its blood supply characteristics, ultrasound can help determine the risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules. The detection of thyroid nodules requires prompt medical attention.