OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Epidemic myalgia is an infectious disease caused by coxsackievirus and echovirus types 1, 6, and 9 infections. It is characterized by the sudden onset of significant chest or abdominal pain.
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Department
Infectious Diseases Department
Alias
Epidemic chest pain
Clinical Symptoms
Chest pain, abdominal pain, fever, sore throat, headache, etc.
Hazards
Severe cases may cause shock, myocarditis, encephalitis, meningitis, etc., endangering life and health.
Complications
Myocarditis, encephalitis, meningitis, etc.
Examination
Blood routine, virus isolation culture, virus nucleic acid examination, X-ray, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, sudden onset of obvious chest pain or abdominal pain, etc., combined with virus isolation culture and viral nucleic acid examination.
Treatment principle
Isolation, symptomatic treatment, prevention of complications.
Curability
The disease is mostly self-healing, and active treatment can accelerate the self-healing.
Dietary advice
Pay attention to dietary hygiene, take a light, easy-to-digest diet, consume more fresh vegetables and fruits, and pay attention to hydration.
Etiology
Epidemiology
The disease is more common in spring and fall, and is more common in children.
Causes
Caused by Coxsackievirus and Echovirus 1, 6 and 9 infections.
Transmission
Transmitted through the respiratory and digestive tracts.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Sudden onset of obvious chest pain and/or abdominal pain, which may be oppressive, stabbing, cutting or tearing pain, the pain may be one-sided or bilateral, mostly spasmodic episodes, and there may also be a dull pain in the interictal period. At the same time may be accompanied by fever, sore throat and headache. The pain can be aggravated with breathing, coughing, turning position and other muscle activities, and can be radiated to the neck, shoulders and upper abdomen, the pain varies in severity, and in severe cases, it can even cause shock.
Diagnostic basis
History of contact with infectious agents. Sudden onset of significant chest or abdominal pain, which may be accompanied by fever, sore throat and headache. The causative virus can be isolated from blood, pleural fluid, and affected muscle. Viral nucleic acid test, serum specific antigen and IgM antibody test are positive.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Isolation, symptomatic treatment.
Medication
Oral antipyretic and analgesic drugs for severe pain.
Other treatments
The patient should be isolated for 2 weeks, and care should be taken to protect susceptible persons.
Prognosis
Most of the disease can be cured by itself. Occasionally, there are recurrent episodes with a prolonged course of several weeks, and the prognosis is good.
Nursing care
Daily care
In the acute stage, rest in bed, ensure sufficient sleep, keep the mood relaxed, and build up confidence in overcoming the disease.
Dietary management
Pay attention to dietary hygiene, take a light and easy-to-digest diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and take care of hydration.