After cardiovascular diseases and tumors, chronic intractable low back pain has become the third most burdensome disease in terms of medical and social resources in China. In the adult population of China, the prevalence of chronic pain is around 30%, and low back pain is the most common chronic pain disease category in China. According to statistics, chronic low back pain ranks third among chronic disabling diseases, after heart disease and arthritis. Chronic intractable pain: should not be tolerated Long-term chronic pain can lead to anxiety and depression, and then sleep disorders, cortical degeneration, memory loss and other problems, so chronic pain is a category of diseases that cannot be ignored. The damage of chronic pain is systemic, and its subtle, cumulative damage causes both physical and psychological damage, which is much greater than that of transient acute pain. Long-term chronic pain continues to be unrelieved, the body can be followed by a series of systemic damage, as if dominoes, one after another, especially for the elderly and frail patients more obvious. First of all, chronic pain can cause sleep disorders, emotional tension, panic and sweating, anxiety and depression and other autonomic nervous system dysfunction; secondly, patients do not want to eat, nausea and vomiting, and gradually lose weight and appear digestive system dysfunction; further development of the circulatory system, endocrine system and immune system dysfunction will also appear one after another. This shows that chronic pain is more dangerous and should not be ignored, and should be taken seriously. Treatment of chronic pain Chronic pain should not be tolerated, but should be actively treated. He introduced that oral medication is commonly used for mild pain, while interventional minimally invasive therapy should be introduced for moderate and severe pain. 1, drug treatment Analgesic drugs mainly include the following categories (1) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs,) such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, indomethacin, etc.; (2) opioid analgesics, such as morphine, fentanyl, dulcolax, etc.; (3) antidepressants, such as amitriptyline, promethazine, etc.; (4) antiepileptic drugs, such as carbamazepine, etc.; (5) local anesthetics, such as lidocaine, bupivacaine, etc.; (6) others, such as gabapentin, etc. Medications, especially oral medications, are important in pain management, and reasonable and comprehensive medication can provide pain relief for most patients. However, for patients with chronic intractable pain, especially chronic intractable neurogenic pain, the effect of drug therapy may be poor or require relatively high doses, and patients cannot get good pain relief and have to tolerate the side effects produced by drugs, such as nausea and vomiting, nephrotoxicity, neuropsychotoxicity such as drowsiness, delirium, etc., which hinder the application of traditional route drugs. 2, via block therapy The use of nerve block-based method of treating pain, known as nerve block therapy. Nerve block, refers to the injection of drugs into the cerebrospinal ganglion, plexus or spinal nerve, sympathetic ganglion and other nerves, or with physical methods, blocking nerve conduction function. 50%-80% of patients with indications can obtain better pain relief, but its maintenance time is relatively short, and the efficacy will gradually decrease after several uses, and the maintenance time is getting shorter. 3.Radiofrequency thermal coagulation technology for pain treatment Radiofrequency thermal coagulation for pain treatment is to send out high frequency radiofrequency current through radiofrequency instrument, thermal coagulation destroys the nociceptive nerve fiber conduction branch to block the pain signal upward conduction. Radiofrequency thermal coagulation therapy can get better pain relief for some patients with indications, but some patients will relapse, and the treatment effect is not ideal for some patients with chronic intractable pain. And it is a kind of destructive treatment, once the nerve is destroyed, it cannot be restored, and it will produce side effects. 4.Physiotherapy includes electric, optical, magnetic, thermal, ultrasonic and other treatments. Physiotherapy can play a certain role in relieving some simple pain, but it is not effective for intractable pain and can only play some auxiliary treatment role. 5.Spinal cord electrical stimulation therapy Spinal cord electrical stimulation therapy is a minimally invasive pain treatment technology, which is implanted in the epidural space of the spinal cord an electrode, through electrical stimulation to block the transmission of pain signals. It does not break the body’s tissue structure, not only can effectively relieve pain, and it has a flexible and variable adjustment mode, which can be constantly adjusted in vitro with the changes of the patient’s condition, so that the pain can be effectively controlled in the long term. For chronic intractable neuralgia where other treatments are ineffective or ineffective, spinal cord electrical stimulation can be a very effective treatment. A screening test is performed before the entire system is implanted, and the implantation is done only if the pain is well controlled, thus avoiding unnecessary expenses for the patient. After spinal cord stimulation treatment, patients can reduce the use of oral analgesic drugs or even stop using them completely, avoiding the long-term damage caused by large amounts of drugs, and there are almost no side effects, so it is also known as “green treatment” in the medical community. The disadvantage of spinal cord electrical stimulation therapy is that it is expensive and the batteries need to be replaced after a certain period of time. 6.Spinal cord destruction in the medullary region Spinal cord destruction in the medullary region requires surgery to open the vertebral plate, expose the spinal cord, and destroy the neurons in the medullary region of the diseased nerve roots. The key to the success of this procedure is to precisely locate the neurogenic zone of the diseased nerve, and the traditional anatomical localization method is very unreliable, so the efficacy is not satisfactory. The current approach is to combine the two, i.e., to use spinal cord electrical stimulation first to precisely locate the lesion, and then to perform destruction. This avoids the expensive cost of spinal cord stimulation and the need for battery replacement, while significantly reducing the extent of destruction due to precise localization, which greatly reduces surgical trauma.