What are the treatments for coronary heart disease?

  The treatment of coronary artery disease includes drug therapy, medical intervention and surgical treatment.  Drug therapy is suitable for patients with conscious symptoms but mild lesions that do not require medical or surgical treatment; patients with severe lesions and very thin coronary vessels that are not suitable for medical intervention or surgery, as well as patients with severe dysfunction of other organs of the body that cannot tolerate intervention or surgery.  Commonly used drugs include: nitrates (nitroglycerin, cardiac pain, long-acting isradine, etc.), calcium antagonists (cardiac pain, isoptin, etc.), β-blockers (amiloride, betalactam, etc.), anti-platelet drugs (aspirin, pansentin, etc.).  2.Internal interventional therapy has been developing rapidly worldwide in recent years. Internal interventional therapy is accepted by more patients with coronary heart disease because of less trauma and faster recovery. Especially in recent years, the application of drug-coated stents has significantly reduced the incidence of restenosis after interventional treatment and greatly improved the long-term efficacy of interventional treatment.  3.Surgical coronary artery bypass surgery is suitable for most patients with coronary artery disease, especially for patients with unstable angina and patients for whom systemic drug treatment is ineffective.  Surgery is suitable for: (1) coronary artery left trunk or multi-vessel lesions (2) coronary artery left trunk stenosis ≥ 50% or major coronary artery stenosis of 75% or more and distal vessels are patent, vessel diameter ≥ 1.5 mm (3) failure of medical intervention or restenosis after intervention (4) myocardial bridge, coronary artery origin anomalies and other materials for coronary artery bypass: including its own internal mammary artery, the Saphenous vein, flexural artery, gastroretinal artery, etc.  The main methods of coronary artery bypass grafting are: coronary artery bypass grafting under extracorporeal circulation and coronary artery bypass grafting under non-extracorporeal circulation.  Postoperative efficacy of coronary artery bypass grafting: the surgery has immediate effect in relieving angina symptoms and improving heart function, and a more satisfactory quality of life can be restored after the surgery. Most patients are able to engage in moderate or vigorous physical activity after surgery.