From the time the fetus leaves the mother’s body to within 28 days after birth, it belongs to the neonatal period, which requires careful care and close observation by parents. The neonatal period is a transitional stage from intrauterine to extrauterine life, when the individual begins to relate directly to the external environment and can perform various physiological activities, including unconditioned reflexes such as grasping, sneezing and blinking, to ensure adaptation to external conditions. However, due to the imperfect development of various systems, newborns are susceptible to diseases and have the highest morbidity and mortality rates. In addition, the newborn’s bedroom should be clean and tidy, sunny, the temperature is kept between 21 ℃ – 24 ℃, clothing should be soft, easy to absorb the cotton fabrics. At the same time, because the newborn’s skin is weak, local cleaning should be done after urination and defecation before changing diapers to prevent red buttocks and other conditions.