In the face of swollen lymph nodes in pediatric patients, we need to identify the cause and then decide whether to seek medical attention based on the presence of other accompanying symptoms. Most of the enlarged lymph nodes are due to infections, such as acute and chronic inflammation caused by pathogenic microorganisms, and some are associated with tumors, reactive hyperplasia, and abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism. In pediatric lymph node enlargement, it is important to pay attention to its morphology and degree of enlargement, and to treat it symptomatically according to the condition. Under physiological conditions, lymph nodes are mostly in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 cm, not more than 1 cm, often distributed in groups, usually in the neck or occipital area, with clear borders, local skin not red, good mobility and no pressure pain, this is a normal condition and does not require intervention. Lymphadenitis, including bacteria, viruses, tuberculosis, etc., may cause lymphadenitis, generally manifesting swollen lymph nodes, often accompanied by pain, poor mobility, some accompanied by fever, some manifesting local skin temperature increase, skin redness, this condition requires timely medical attention and medication under the guidance of a doctor. Blood system diseases, such as leukemia and lymphoma, can show enlarged lymph nodes, which need to be diagnosed clearly after selecting the appropriate tests according to other accompanying symptoms. Kawasaki disease, which can also manifest swollen lymph nodes, is usually accompanied by fever, rash, red and chapped lips, hard and swollen hands and feet, etc. It is not difficult to make a diagnosis based on typical clinical manifestations. If the lymph nodes continue to swell, it is still important to visit the hospital in time to clarify the cause.