A low hemoglobin erythrocyte pressure product indicates the presence of anemia in the body, and the lower the hemoglobin concentration and the lower the erythrocyte pressure product, the more severe the anemia. Anemia is a condition that occurs when the volume of red blood cells in the peripheral blood is lower than normal. Anemia includes a variety of diseases causing it, the most common ones being iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, and thalassemia. Also, malignant diseases of the hematological system, most commonly acute leukemia, chronic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, multiple myeloma, etc., can cause anemia, which can also lead to low hemoglobin and red blood cell pressure, but if patients with anemia are treated with active blood transfusions, the low hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell pressure will improve significantly.