Conscious sedation is defined as a slight depression of the level of consciousness while the patient is able to maintain continuous voluntary breathing and the ability to respond to physical stimuli and verbal commands. Throughout the process, the patient remains awake, does not lose consciousness, has active protective reflexes, and is able to cooperate with treatment. The purpose of conscious sedation in dentistry is to reduce or eliminate dental anxiety in patients with dental anxiety, and to prevent dental anxiety in patients without dental anxiety. Nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas, is a colorless, sweet-smelling gas with the chemical formula N2O, which is stable at room temperature, has a mild anesthetic effect, and can cause laughter. Its anesthetic effect was discovered in 1799 by the English chemist Humphrey Davy, and it was one of the first anesthetics to be used in medicine. Laughing gas is used for anesthesia and has no irritation to the respiratory tract and no damage to the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and other important organ functions. It does not undergo any biotransformation or degradation in the body, and most of it is still excreted with the exhaled breath as the original drug, and only a small amount is evaporated by the skin, so there is no accumulation effect. It takes only 30s~40s to produce analgesic effect in the body, with strong analgesic effect and weak anesthetic effect, and the patient is awake, avoiding complications of general anesthesia and fast recovery after surgery. Laughing gas oxygen inhalation conscious sedation is a mixture of laughing gas and oxygen (the concentration of laughing gas is not higher than 70% and the concentration of oxygen is not lower than 30%), which is used in the examination and treatment of dentistry, obstetrics, emergency medicine and pediatrics, etc. It has been widely used in dental treatment abroad and is one of the safest dental anesthesia methods. Laughing gas oxygen inhalation awake sedation can quickly produce analgesic effect and relieve anxiety, the patient obtains sedation, remains awake throughout the treatment, relaxed, comfortable, responds to verbal instructions, opens mouth to cooperate with the treatment, rapid onset and recovery, almost no side effects under the right amount of medication and correct operation, great safety, avoid medical psychological trauma, reduce the doctor’s pressure, save It is safe, avoids psychological trauma of medical origin, reduces doctor’s stress, saves time and increases efficiency. It is particularly useful for the treatment of pediatric dental patients and patients with dental phobia. Laughing gas is used for sedation in dentistry with the following characteristics: ① analgesic effect: inhalation of laughing gas can increase the pain threshold, reduce pain but not block pain; according to the treatment needs of the combined application of local anesthetic drugs. ②Anxiolytic effect: reduce or eliminate the level of anxiety in patients with dental anxiety, prevent dental anxiety in patients without dental anxiety, make patients relaxed, comfortable and cooperative, especially for pediatric dental patients and have a positive and benign effect on their future dental treatment. ③Amnesia effect: Patients cannot fully and exactly recall the situation after completing the treatment and have a wrong judgment about the length of time, often do not realize the time consumption and think that they have cooperated in a very short time to complete a treatment operation which is actually very long. ④Simple operation, easy to control: rapid onset and recovery, generally 30 s after application can produce the effect, 5 min can reach the best effect, stop using laughing gas inhalation of pure oxygen 5 min after complete recovery can be achieved. Laughing gas oxygen inhalation conscious sedation technology is not widely used in dentistry in China, dental patients or parents of children do not know much about it, and there are ideological doubts. To do a good job in the promotion of this technology, so that patients or parents fully understand the cooperation, to improve the treatment effect of dentistry has an important role. In order to better serve the patients, the Department of Oral Surgery of Wuhan University Stomatological Hospital took the lead in introducing the laughing gas sedation and analgesia equipment, and the special oral surgeons have conducted further study on its use technology. At present, it has been applied to nearly one hundred cases of patients and has got good results, which is recognized and praised by the majority of patients. At present, laughing gas sedation and analgesic tooth extraction and laughing gas sedation and analgesic surgery have been widely carried out. This technology is the leading one in China, and has also created the first oral laughing gas analgesic sedation in Central China.
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