A prolapsed lumbar disc is a ruptured, herniated disc tissue or fragment that prolapses into the spinal canal or becomes completely free, which can not only cause symptoms in the nerve roots, but also tend to compress the cauda equina. Non-surgical treatment, if ineffective, requires consideration of surgical treatment. A prolapsed lumbar disc is a more serious type of lumbar disc herniation in which the patient experiences severe back pain that persists and is difficult to relieve even with bed rest, and changing positions does not alleviate the symptoms. Compression of the cauda equina nerve can also lead to acute urinary retention, which can manifest as sexual dysfunction in men. The diagnosis can be confirmed by MRI, and surgery to remove the protruding nucleus pulposus tissue is required to completely relieve the clinical symptoms.