Cardiac effusion in the elderly, that is, the presence of pericardial effusion. It may be caused by infectious factors or non-infectious factors. It is mostly seen in cardiovascular diseases such as pericarditis, myocarditis, heart failure, etc. It is mainly treated according to the original disease. 1. Infectious factors: such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, viruses (e.g. Coxsackie, influenza and other viruses), bacteria (e.g. Aureobacter, pneumococcus, gram-negative bacilli, mycobacteria, etc.), protozoa (e.g. amebas) and so on, infected pericardial area, which will cause significant increase in pericardial effusion, and inflammatory lesions of the heart area. Anti-microbial drugs need to be selected for symptomatic treatment. 2. Non-infectious factors: including tumors (especially lung cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, mediastinal tumors, etc.), rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, etc.), cardiac injury or rupture of the large blood vessels, endocrine and metabolic disorders (e.g., hypothyroidism, uremia, gout, etc.), radiological injuries, and effusions after myocardial infarction. It can be treated with medication, such as aspirin, or surgical treatment, or without medication when there are no symptoms, and observation can be given first; pericardial drainage and pericardiectomy can be carried out when the diagnosis is clear and the medication is ineffective. Specific treatment programs need to be selected under the guidance of the doctor according to the patient’s condition.