In our country, there are many negative perceptions and misunderstandings about cancer. They think that if a patient has cancer, it means that there is no treatment and he/she can only wait for death passively! However, with the development of medicine in recent years, there have been great advances in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. People need to realize that currently cancer can be well controlled through the following four efforts! I. Establishing a healthy lifestyle Current research believes that at least 1/3 of cancers can be prevented by reducing alcohol consumption, healthy diet and strengthening physical exercise. If smoking is reduced, 50% of cancers can be prevented. In addition to the four common risk factors mentioned above, UV protection is also the key to prevent skin cancer. In addition, occupational and environmental exposures, such as asbestos, are also important carcinogenic factors. In resource-poor areas, many countries face the risk of “double burden”, so cancer prevention and control programs should not only change people’s behavior, but also prevent tumor-causing infections, such as hepatitis B virus, which causes liver cancer, and human papilloma virus, which causes cervical cancer. Early diagnosis and treatment Many cancers do not have special clinical manifestations in their early stages and are easily overlooked and misdiagnosed, thus delaying treatment. Therefore, for some cancers, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, skin cancer, oral cancer and some childhood malignancies, the benefits of implementing early screening programs and treatment are obvious. We should do the following: 1. The recognition of early symptoms of some cancers is closely related to the level of medical care, especially in resource-poor areas, where these tests are often less expensive and do not require special treatment techniques, such as screening for oral and breast cancers. 2. For pediatric tumors, primary medical personnel should have relevant medical knowledge and technical means to avoid the possibility of misdiagnosis and ensure timely referral to specialized medical institutions. 3. Screening for cancers such as breast, colorectal and cervical cancers should be carried out accordingly. Evidence shows that screening can reduce the mortality rate of cervical cancer in women by 80% or even more, and the risk of cervical cancer can be reduced by 25% to 36% for women aged 30 to 40 who undergo cervical cancer screening. Effective treatment In many countries, cancer patients and their families bear a large economic burden, and the impact of cancer-related death and disability on labor supply hinders national production and development, with global cancer expenditures expected to reach $458 billion per year by 2030. New, patented and effective anti-cancer drugs should be considered first for the treatment of cancer patients in national cancer prevention and control programs. Comprehensive treatment, mainly surgery, is an effective means of treating cancer, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and biologic therapy together to treat cancer. It also emphasizes the standardized and individualized treatment of cancer. Through such standardized and individualized comprehensive treatment, the survival and quality of life of cancer patients can be greatly improved. IV. Maximize the survival quality of advanced cancer patients Cancer seriously affects the emotional, physical and mental state of patients, and the quality of survival of cancer patients decreases drastically in the years after diagnosis. The physical side effects of advanced cancer treatment, such as impaired fertility, sexual dysfunction, hair loss and weight gain, can cause patients to feel shame and discrimination, and in some cases even lead to family break-up. Families of cancer patients are also under tremendous psychological pressure, and many of them are affected by their own physical and mental health. In some cases, the inability of patients to effectively control cancer pain with medication can have a significant impact on the quality of survival and psychological stress, including anxiety, despair and fear. Therefore, understanding and coping with the emotional, spiritual and physical trauma of cancer will maximize the quality of life for cancer patients and their families.