Isoprinosine hydrochloride (Phenergan) Phenergan indications: can competitively block histamine Hl receptors and produce antihistamine, can fight against histamine-induced capillary dilatation, reduce its permeability, alleviate the bronchial smooth muscle contraction caused by wheezing, more than the role of phenylephrine hydrochloride strong and long-lasting. Because it is easier to enter the brain tissue, it has obvious sedative effect; it can strengthen the central inhibitory effect of hypnotic drugs, analgesic drugs and anesthetics; its anticholinergic effect is also stronger, and the prevention and treatment of motion sickness has a better effect. Used for skin and mucous membrane allergy, allergic rhinitis, asthma, food allergy, skin scratch disease and motion sickness, seasickness, airsickness and so on. (1)Allergy of skin and mucous membranes: for long-term and seasonal allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria, angioneurotic edema, allergic reaction to blood or plasma products, and skin scratches. (2) Motion sickness: to prevent and control motion sickness, seasickness, airsickness. (3) Used as adjunctive therapy before and after anesthesia and surgery, including sedation, hypnosis, analgesia, and antiemetic. (May be related to the inhibition of the emetic chemoreceptor area in the medulla oblongata.) (4) Used to prevent and control radiopathic or pharmacogenetic nausea and vomiting. Pharmacological effects: Can block smooth muscle, capillary wall and other tissues of the H1 receptor, thus with histamine to play a competitive antagonistic effect, but also significant central stabilizing effect, can enhance the role of anesthesia, hypnotics and analgesia. It can also reduce body temperature and antiemetic. Functions and Indications 1, used for all kinds of allergies (such as asthma, urticaria, etc.), vomiting during pregnancy, and vertigo caused by boat rides. 2.It can be combined with aminophylline etc. to treat asthma. 3.Combined with pethidine to form hibernation injection for artificial hibernation. Acute poisoning and relief Acute poisoning can cause drowsiness, dizziness and dryness of mouth, nose and throat as well as abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting. Severe poisoning can cause convulsions, followed by central inhibition. At this time, Valium can be used for static injection, avoiding the use of central excitatory drugs. Adults commonly used (1) oral: ① anti-allergic, 12.5mg once, 4 times a day, after meals and bedtime, if necessary, 25mg before bedtime; ② antiemetic, the beginning of a 25mg, if necessary, can be 12.5-25mg every 4-6 hours; ③ anti-vertigo, 25mg once, if necessary, 2 times a day; ④ sedative-hypnotic, 25-50mg once, if necessary, doubled. (iv) Sedation and hypnosis, 25-50mg at a time, doubled if necessary. (2) Intramuscular injection: ① antiallergic, 25mg, repeat after 2 hours if necessary; severe allergy can also be injected 25-50mg, the maximum amount shall not exceed 100mg, in special emergency, can be diluted to 0.25% with sterilized water for injection, slowly injected intravenously; ② antiemetic, 12.5-25mg, repeat every 4 hours if necessary; ③ antidiabetic, 12.5-25mg, repeat every 4 hours if necessary; ④ sedative hypnotic, 25-50mg, doubled if necessary. If necessary, repeat every 4 hours; ③ sedative-hypnotic, 25-50mg once. Contraindications 1, known to be highly allergic to phenothiazines, also allergic to this product; 2, the following conditions should be used with caution: acute asthma, bladder neck obstruction, myelosuppression, cardiovascular disease, coma, angle-closure glaucoma, hepatic insufficiency, hypertension, gastric ulcers, prostate enlargement, pyloric or duodenal symptoms of obvious, pyloric or duodenal symptoms, the prostate should not exceed 100mg. in persons with significant symptoms, pyloric or duodenal obstruction, respiratory disorders (especially in children, sputum is viscous after administration of the product, which interferes with sputum elimination and suppresses the cough reflex), patients with epilepsy (the severity of convulsions can be increased with injectable administration of the drug), jaundice, various hepatic diseases, as well as renal failure, Reye’s syndrome (extrapyramidal symptoms due to iproniazine can be easily confused with Reye’s syndrome). Special attention should be paid to the presence of intestinal obstruction, overdose, or toxicity when applying promethazine, as the signs and symptoms can be masked by its antiemetic effect.