Definition of genital herpes: a common STD caused by herpes simplex virus infection of the genital and anal skin mucosa, the disease is a chronic recurrent process, there is no complete cure.
Second, the transmission route
Sexual transmission: genital intercourse, oral and anal intercourse
Vertical transmission: mother-to-child transmission, including intrauterine infection and infection through the birth canal
Third, clinical manifestations.
1, genital HSV infection has a variety of clinical manifestations
Typical: clustered blisters, pustules, ulcers and crusts
Atypical: non-specific erythema, papules, fissures, sclerosis, folliculitis, skin abrasion, erythema oozing glans penis
2. Involved areas
Male: foreskin, coronal sulcus, glans, penile shaft, less common sites are scrotum, perianal area, mons pubis, groin, buttocks
Female: labia majora, labia minora, perineum, perianal area, vaginal opening, less common sites are mons pubis, groin, buttocks
Male homosexuals: anus, rectum
IV. Primary genital herpes
1. Incubation period: 2 to 20 days (average 4 to 5 days)
2, clinical manifestations: multiple erythema, papules, blisters on the genital area, within 1 week, the blisters gradually evolve 3, into pustules, followed by the formation of ulcers, erosion. Generally within 2 to 3 weeks, crusting, receding.
4.Symptoms: conscious local pain, itching, burning sensation.
5.Signs: Most patients have enlarged inguinal lymph nodes with obvious tenderness.
6, systemic symptoms: fever, headache, myalgia, general malaise or weakness.
7, can be accompanied by: urethritis and cystitis, cervicitis, pharyngitis, meningitis
V. Recurrent genital herpes
1, occurs 1 to 4 months after the primary infection, often with certain triggers
2. Prodromal symptoms: local itching, burning sensation, tingling, vague pain, numbness and perineal swelling in the genital area several hours to 5 days before recurrence
3. The duration of the disease is shorter than that of the first recurrence, the number of lesions is smaller, the distribution of lesions is asymmetrical, the self-conscious symptoms are mild, and systemic symptoms are rare.
4.The duration of lesions is usually 6-10 days.
5. The frequency of recurrence varies greatly among individuals and is more frequent in the first year after primary infection, and generally decreases over time
Sixth, atypical genital herpes
1. The clinical manifestations of genital HSV infection are diverse: atypical manifestations such as fissures, fissures or tiny linear ulcers, nonspecific erythema, papules, folliculitis, sclerotia or boils may occur
2. In clinical practice, one should be more alert to genital herpes
VII. Genital herpes in pregnancy
1. Risk of transmission to the fetus
Primary genital herpes (20% to 50%)
Recurrent genital herpes (0-8%)
2. Primary genital herpes in pregnant women is associated with the following
spontaneous abortion, preterm birth
intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight
Congenital HSV infection in infants, even fetal death
VIII. Treatment principles
1, genital herpes is a lifelong recurrent disease, there is no complete cure
2, the patient’s psychological stress, psychological tension, depression or anxiety, and psychological factors can affect the natural course of the disease
3, should be given timely consultation in the early stages of the disease to reduce psychological pressure, in order to facilitate recovery and reduce recurrence