The primary source of infection for genital herpes is patients with genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and carriers, including those with or without clinical symptoms or atypical genital herpes. HSV infection is transmitted through close contact between people and susceptible individuals. HSV type 1 is often transmitted by droplets and saliva, while HSV type 2 is mainly transmitted by droplets and saliva. HSV type 1 is often transmitted by droplets and saliva, while HSV type 2 is mainly transmitted sexually and vertically. Sexual contact transmission includes genital intercourse, oral sex and anal sex, which are the main routes of transmission of the disease. Vertical transmission refers to mother-to-child transmission, including intrauterine infection and infection through the birth canal. HSV transmission occurs mainly in close contact with an infected person with viral emissions, where the virus is present on the mucosal surface of the infected area and in the genital tract or oral secretions.