Parkinson’s is a chronic progressive disease in which the patient’s condition gradually worsens over time. It is not fatal, but affects the patient’s ability to work and quality of life. Patients need to take medication for a long time, and the effectiveness of medication can be affected by the patient’s health status, mood, environment and other factors. If patients have a good understanding of the disease and can cooperate with their doctors, it is possible to improve and alleviate clinical symptoms, which can reduce the stress caused by changes in the disease and reduce the impact of the disease on patients’ daily lives. On the other hand, Parkinson’s disease is not a well-known disease, and patients and the general public are not sufficiently aware of Parkinson’s disease, and the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, such as lack of facial expression, slow movements, and non-stop hand tremors, are mistaken for the “geriatric disease” of the elderly. As a result, many patients go to the hospital only after the disease has progressed to a certain stage. The tremor is usually the earliest manifestation of Parkinson’s disease, usually starting at the distal end of one of the upper limbs, with the thumb, index finger and middle finger being the main ones, showing the movement of the fingers like rubbing pills or counting bills, and then gradually expanding to the ipsilateral lower limb and the opposite limb, and at a later stage it can spread to the jaw, lips, tongue and head. The tremor increases when the patient is agitated or nervous, and can disappear completely during sleep. Another characteristic of tremor is its rhythmical nature, with vibrations occurring at a frequency of 4 to 7 times per second. This feature can also help people distinguish between other disorders such as those caused by chorea, cerebellar disorders, hyperthyroidism, etc. The limbs and trunk of Parkinson’s disease patients usually lose flexibility and become stiff. Initially, a limb feels inflexible and stiff, and gradually worsens, with delayed movement and even difficulty in doing some movements of daily life. If you pick up the patient’s arm or leg and help him to move the joint, you will obviously feel that his limb is stiff and it is difficult to move his joint. III. Motor retardation In the early stage, due to the tonicity of the upper arm muscles and finger muscles, the patient’s upper limbs are often unable to do fine movements, such as untying shoelaces and buttoning, which become much slower than before, or cannot be completed smoothly at all. Facial muscle movement is reduced, the patient rarely blinks, the eyes turn less, and the expression is dull, as if wearing a mask, which is called “mask face” in medical science. Once the patient starts walking, the body leans forward, the center of gravity shifts forward, the pace becomes smaller and faster, and the patient cannot stop in time, i.e., “panic gait”; during walking, the coordinated swing of the affected upper limb decreases or even disappears; it is difficult to turn around, and it takes several consecutive small steps to turn around. Due to the impaired movement of the mouth, tongue, palate and pharyngeal muscles, the patient is unable to swallow saliva naturally, resulting in profuse salivation. Speech is reduced, and the voice is low and monotonous. In severe cases, this can lead to choking and coughing when eating and drinking. In the advanced stage of the disease, the patient cannot stand by himself after sitting down, cannot turn over by himself after being bedridden, and cannot take care of himself in daily life. Although the whole body muscles can be involved and muscle tone is increased, the flexor muscle tone is higher than the extensor muscle at rest, so the patient has a special posture: head tilted forward, trunk slightly flexed, upper arm inward, elbow joint bent, wrist slightly extended, finger metacarpal joint bent and interphalangeal joint straightened, thumb to palm, hip and knee joint mildly bent. In addition, there may also be plant neurological disorders, such as increased secretion of saliva and sebaceous glands, increased or decreased sweat secretion, difficulty excreting stool and urine, and upright hypotension. A small number of patients may have a combination of dementia or depression and other psychiatric symptoms. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease There is still no cure for Parkinson’s disease, but a combination of medical drugs, surgery, and other rehabilitative aids can greatly reduce symptoms and allow patients to live independently and maintain a good quality of life. At the same time, individualized differences in Parkinson’s disease treatment should be noted. I. Drug therapy The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are mainly caused by the degeneration of some nerve cells and the lack of dopamine. All current anti-Parkinson’s disease drugs only relieve these symptoms, and there is no treatment yet that can effectively slow down the degeneration or regenerate these degenerated nerve cells. Patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease have only mild symptoms, and if the symptoms do not interfere with daily work or life, they do not necessarily need to take medications to improve their mobility, or a smaller dose of medication may be sufficient. For most people with Parkinson’s disease, the stronger levodopa (L-dopa) drugs are often needed as symptoms get progressively worse. L-dopa is currently the most effective drug for Parkinson’s. When first started, many patients often experience gastrointestinal discomfort such as nausea and vomiting, which can be resolved by changing the dose of the drug or changing their medication habits. After taking the drug for a period of time, many patients experience a gradual decrease in the efficacy of the drug and an increase in the amount of medication taken; some patients also experience “involuntary movements” (body movements that cannot be controlled by the body) and periodic changes in the efficacy of the “switch” (i.e. (i.e., the drug’s effectiveness is not maintained until the next dose, leaving the patient with a period of downtown mobility, like watching a power source). These side effects can be extremely distressing for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease. In contrast, the dopaminergic agonist class of drugs has relatively little chance of producing these problems, but may not have the desired efficacy for some patients. In younger patients, physicians often start with a dopaminergic agonist in the hope of reducing or delaying the use of levodopa to avoid “involuntary movements” and “switching” changes in drug efficacy. When side effects such as “on/off” changes or “involuntary movements” occur, the levodopa dose should be adjusted and other medications should be used to reduce these side effects. Among them, you can try to take the best-selling levodopa preparations, or take B-type monoamine oxidase inhibitors, catechol-oxygenation-methyltransferase inhibitors, such as “Kodan” and other drugs, which can enhance the stability of levodopa concentration in the blood and reduce the time of drug failure, some patients may experience unpredictable drug power Some patients may experience unpredictable drug failure that does not occur at all, and some fast-acting drugs are particularly useful when this happens. Side effects of medications for Parkinson’s disease Most medications may have the following side effects: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, hallucinations, insomnia, or drowsiness. Some side effects slowly decrease as the body adjusts, but sometimes severe side effects can force patients to reduce or stop taking the medication for a period of time. The two unique side effects of levodopa drugs, “involuntary movements” and “switching”, are usually difficult to eliminate once they occur. The best therapeutic effect can be obtained. In recent years, brain pacemaker therapy is a new breakthrough in the surgical treatment of Parkinson’s disease. It is a minimally invasive neurosurgical procedure in which electrodes are implanted in the target area of the brain and then connected to a neurostimulator through connecting wires, which is generally under the skin of the chest and is similar in size to a pacemaker. The electrodes are implanted in the brain to deliver electrical impulses to the nerve nuclei that control movement and regulate abnormal neural electrical activity to reduce and control Parkinson’s symptoms. This technique is well established in Europe and the United States. Many studies have also demonstrated its efficacy, with many patients taking significantly less medication and having significantly improved mobility after the procedure. Deep brain electrical stimulation was pioneered by French scholar Benabid in 1987 and can significantly improve the symptoms of tremor and rigidity in patients with Parkinson’s disease. After more than 25 years of clinical use, more than 100,000 Parkinson’s patients worldwide have been treated with brain pacemaker surgery. In the past decade, this technology has gradually matured in China; more than 10,000 pacemaker surgeries have been performed nationwide, and the safety and effectiveness of the treatment have been recognized. Pacemakers have become the preferred surgical treatment for Parkinson’s disease, and experts remind that pacemaker surgery, as a high-standard and demanding brain surgery, requires quality products and services to provide support.