What is glaucoma? We may use a leather ball as an example. The more the ball is filled with air, the harder the ball will be, and too much inflation will even break the ball. The higher the pressure in the eye, the harder the eye becomes, and the more damage is done to the optic nerve, which over time will atrophy, leading to loss of vision and narrowing of the visual field, seriously affecting the patient’s daily life and actions. Glaucoma is divided into open-angle type and closed-angle type. In China, closed-angle glaucoma is more common in older people between the ages of 50 and 70, and most of these patients have hyperopia. The symptoms of closed-angle glaucoma are usually more obvious. Patients may feel eye distension, eye pain, headache, even nausea and vomiting due to the rapid rise of eye pressure, vision loss, seeing a rainbow-like halo when looking at lights, blood in both eyes, eyes as hard as stones, and need to go to the hospital immediately to take measures to lower eye pressure to protect visual function. Compared to closed-angle glaucoma, which often has obvious symptoms, the onset of open-angle glaucoma is more insidious. Most patients have normal eye appearance, no obvious conscious symptoms, occasional eye swelling, nasal root soreness and other discomforts, which are not easily detected at an early stage and are often diagnosed only when optic nerve atrophy and visual field shrinkage occur at a later stage. Therefore, the risk of open-angle glaucoma is greater. People over 40 years old should also have their eye pressure and fundus examined during routine physical examinations. People with a family history of glaucoma have a higher risk of the disease than the general population and should also undergo relevant examinations. In addition, glaucoma that occurs in infants and children should not be ignored, as it is a form of open-angle glaucoma related to congenital development. If a newborn or infant has eyes that look larger than normal and often have photophobia and tearing, do not assume that your child has big, beautiful eyes, but have them examined by a doctor to rule out the possibility of congenital glaucoma.