Differential diagnosis of dermatotrophic changes of the lower extremities

Nutritional changes in the skin of the lower extremities is one of the symptoms of primary lower extremity deep vein valve closure insufficiency, which occurs most often in people who are persistently engaged in physical labor or standing staff, and has a higher incidence among farmers, hairdressers, athletes, surgeons, and other people. Primary nutritional deficiencies are defined as simple insufficient intake, either of individual nutrients or of several nutrients at the same time. Clinical attention should be paid to identify with other symptoms. 1, deep vein thrombosis sequelae syndrome: patients mostly in surgery, trauma or pregnancy after prolonged bed rest, have a history of thrombosis. Early thrombus obstructive lesion is the main, late thrombus recirculation, venous valves were destroyed, and manifested as reflux disease. Patients present with a wide range of uniform swelling of the lower limbs, accompanied by pressure pain in the gastrocnemius muscle and femoral triangle. In severe cases, the arterial system may be involved, and the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial arteries are weakened and disappear, resulting in femoral bruising. Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate from PDVI in the late stage of the disease, and venography can help to determine the diagnosis. Simple superficial varicose veins of the lower limbs: the clinical symptoms are mild, manifested as heavy feeling of fatigue in the lower limbs, and the superficial venous system is tortuous and dilated. In the late stage of the disease, when the traffic branch valve is damaged, nutritional changes in the boot area, such as skin desquamation, hyperpigmentation, eczema and ulcer formation, can occur. There is usually no severe swelling and severe distending pain, and the deep venous system is completely normal on venography. Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome: It is a congenital venous malformation, which is rare in clinic, and the patient has typical triad of symptoms: thickening of limb growth, superficial varicose veins, and cutaneous nevus, which is not difficult to distinguish. 4. Lymphoedema of limbs: it is caused by damage to lymphatic vessels or other causes of defects of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, resulting in retention of lymphatic fluid. In the early stage of the lesion, it is mostly located below the knee joint as depression edema, and later the skin becomes rough, thickened, hardened and lumpy, which is easy to be accompanied by dengue infection, and lymphangiography is helpful for differential diagnosis.