Normal human superficial lymph nodes are small, mostly within 0.5 cm in diameter, with smooth and soft surfaces, no adhesions with surrounding tissues, and no pressure pain. The head and neck area is rich in lymph and the lymph nodes are arranged in numerous ways, which can cause swollen lymph nodes in the neck under pathophysiological conditions. Infection with virus or bacteria can induce inflammation, such as upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, oral gingivitis, etc., which can cause swollen lymph nodes in the neck, but when the inflammation subsides, the swollen nodes will recover or disappear. Endogenous tumors originating from lymphatic tissues, such as lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia, and metastases from other malignant tumors, such as oral cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer metastasizing to the lymph nodes in the neck and gastric cancer metastasizing to the left supraclavicular lymph node, can cause swollen lymph nodes in the neck, and these tumor enlarged lymph nodes usually do not eliminate on their own, but will increase in size with the progress of tumor disease. In addition, chemical factors such as drugs and environment, as well as reactive hyperplasia caused by non-infectious factors such as metaplasia, can also cause lymph node enlargement. A large number of tissue cells proliferating within the lymph nodes themselves can also cause enlargement of the lymph nodes in the neck. Since there are many causes of swollen lymph nodes in the neck, the treatment of swollen lymph nodes in the neck requires different treatment options depending on the cause.