Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) is a surgical procedure that achieves the best surgical outcome with minimal invasion and minimal physiological disturbance without compromising efficacy. Accidental trauma is extremely harmful to the human body and difficult to avoid. Surgery, as planned trauma, the operator should strive to minimize the trauma of surgery, i.e., to achieve the purpose of minimally invasive. Minimally invasive spine treatment refers to minimally invasive techniques and treatments for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal disorders via non-traditional surgical routes and with the help of special surgical instruments, apparatus or other means, and it involves almost all diseases of spinal surgery. Minimally invasive spine surgery is relative to open spine surgery, and its main purpose is to treat spinal disorders through various minimally invasive means to achieve the same or better results than open spine surgery, while minimizing surgical trauma, promoting early recovery, and reducing postoperative sequelae. Compared to conventional open surgery, minimally invasive spine treatment has many advantages that conventional surgery does not have: Less trauma: Compared to conventional open surgery, minimally invasive spine surgery has smaller incisions and significantly less damage to the paravertebral muscles. Conventional open surgery requires extensive stripping and retraction of the muscles of the low back, which is very traumatic for the patient, while minimally invasive spine surgery is significantly less traumatic than conventional open surgery. Satisfactory results: Studies have shown that many patients undergoing conventional open surgery experience postoperative low back pain, which is mainly caused by excessive damage to the paravertebral muscles and soft tissues from open surgery. Minimally invasive spine surgery, on the other hand, rarely causes postoperative low back pain due to surgical trauma because it causes little damage to the paravertebral muscles and other soft tissues, and the results are satisfactory. Fast recovery: Conventional open surgery can easily cause spinal instability after surgery because of the damage to the structure of the spine and the paravertebral muscles, and the local pain of the incision lasts for a long time. Minimally invasive spine surgery, on the other hand, causes less damage to the spinal structures and soft tissues of the paravertebral muscles, resulting in a faster postoperative recovery. Less surgical bleeding: Minimally invasive surgery has small exposure and small incisions, so bleeding is also minimal and often does not require blood transfusion, which facilitates the patient’s recovery. Small skin incision, small scar, more beautiful appearance: the incision of conventional open surgery of the lumbar spine is generally 10~15cm, and together with the suture reaction, the scar is often very large and affects the aesthetics, while when minimally invasive spine treatment is performed, the surgical incision is generally 0.7~4cm, and cosmetic suturing methods can also be used, so the postoperative scar is small and very beneficial to the aesthetics. Short hospitalization time reduces medical costs: Patients have a short hospital stay after minimally invasive spine surgery and can return to work earlier, which saves limited medical resources. Easy remedy in case of disease recurrence: Whether minimally invasive surgery or open surgery, recurrence can occur after surgery, and minimally invasive surgery is simple and effective when operated on again because there is less damage to the spine and tissues. In contrast, if extensive exposure, laminectomy, or spinal fusion is done, it is very difficult to operate again and affects the efficacy of the re-operation.