The cause of puffer fish poisoning is that tetrodotoxin contained in the body has nerve and muscle blocking effects, which can successively paralyze the sensory nerves, motor nerves and the respiratory and circulatory centers. In terms of clinical manifestations, patients often develop gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. soon after eating, which may be accompanied or followed by perioral numbness, abnormal sensation, and progressively weakness of the limbs, unsteady walking, and related ataxia. With further progression of the disease, the patient will eventually die due to respiratory and circulatory center inhibition. In terms of treatment, if the patient is suspected to be caused by puffer fish poisoning when relevant discomfort occurs, emetic, gastric lavage, diarrhea and other treatments should be carried out as soon as possible. At the same time, relevant adsorbents should be placed in the stomach to reduce the reabsorption of toxin and avoid further progress of the poisoning. Since there is no effective antidote for tetrodotoxin, in addition to the above treatments, diuresis and hormone application are mainly used to promote the metabolism of the toxin and improve the tolerance of the tissues. Other treatments are to maintain the patient’s respiratory and circulatory functions stable, and stabilize the internal environment, correct acid-base imbalance and other related symptomatic treatments.