Jiwei Huang published a study on the relationship between preoperative anemia and prognosis in patients with limited papillary renal cell carcinoma in the 2015 issue of Clin Genitourin Cancer, a clinical urologic oncology journal. Patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma who had complete tumor removal by radical resection or partial nephrectomy were retrospectively studied in two units. Anemia was defined as: men, hemoglobin <13.5 g/dL; women, hemoglobin <12 g/dL. preoperative anemia was assessed in relation to clinically or pathologically relevant variables using t-test, rank sum test, and chi-square test. Univariate and multifactor analyses using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models were used to identify factors associated with RFS, CSS, and OS. Results The final study sample size was 352 patients, and those with anemia tended to be older, have larger tumors, and higher Fuhrman grading compared with those without anemia. kaplan-Meier curves showed that RFS, CSS, and OS were significantly worse in patients with preoperative anemia than in those without preoperative anemia ( log-rank test, all P < .001 ). Multifactorial analysis showed that anemia was an independent prognostic factor for RFS, CSS, and OS ( all P < .001). This study suggests that preoperative anemia is a significant independent prognostic factor associated with higher postoperative recurrence and mortality in patients with limited papillary renal cell carcinoma. The presence or absence of preoperative anemia may provide some assistance to urologists in predicting the prognosis of patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma.