The pulmonary nodule vacuole sign refers to the presence of a punctate translucent shadow 1 to 2 mm in diameter within a pulmonary nodule. The nodular vacuole sign is commonly described in imaging studies and refers to the presence of 1-2 mm dotted lucent shadows in the lung nodules, which may be seen singly or in multiples. Generally, the vacuolar sign is commonly found in bronchopulmonary cancer, tuberculosis, fungal infections and other diseases. Usually, the patient’s clinical symptoms and tumor markers, lung fiberscope, biopsy, etc. should be combined to determine the specific disease. After the diagnosis is confirmed, patients should be treated promptly to avoid worsening of symptoms. It is recommended that the patient consults with a professional doctor after the examination, and the doctor will take into account the condition of the disease and provide guidance on the next step of the examination. After clarifying the cause of the disease, it is important to maintain a positive and optimistic mindset to face the disease.