1, the innervation of the intervertebral disc The sinus vertebral nerve, which is distributed in the spinal canal, branches to the intervertebral disc, the sinus vertebral nerve or spinal branch, has two roots, the cerebrospinal root from the spinal nerve or spinal ganglion, the sympathetic root often starts from the posterior communicating branch or spinal ganglion near the spinal ganglion, the sinus vertebral nerve is divided into anterior and posterior branches in the spinal trunk, returns to the spinal canal through the intervertebral foramen, and descends to the epidural tissue, where the nerve is distributed under the beginning of the posterior longitudinal The distribution of the sinus nerve is connected to the upper and lower distribution of the intervertebral disc, and can cross the midline to connect with the opposite side, and the nerve contains sensory and sympathetic components. 2, intervertebral disc, intervertebral foramen, spinal nerve root relationship The lumbar intervertebral foramen is the lumbar nerve out of the spinal canal, is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom of the ear-shaped, the upper and lower boundary of the intervertebral foramen is the vertebral arch, the front boundary is the vertebral body and the posterior lateral side of the intervertebral disc, the posterior boundary is the joint capsule of the intervertebral joint, the lateral edge of the ligamentum flavum also constitutes the posterior boundary of the intervertebral foramen, the intervertebral foramen from top to bottom gradually become smaller, the intervertebral foramen is segmental spinal nerve out of the spinal canal and supply soft tissue and bone in the spinal canal The intervertebral foramen is wider than all other structures, and the remaining space is filled with loose connective tissue and fat to accommodate the corresponding degree of movement of these passing structures. There are 31 pairs of spinal nerve roots, namely 8 pairs of cervical, 12 pairs of thoracic, 5 pairs of lumbar and 1 pair of caudal. The 1st-7th cervical nerves penetrate at the upper edge of the corresponding vertebrae, the 8th cervical nerve penetrates at the lower edge of the 7th cervical vertebrae, and the thoracic, lumbar, sacral and caudal nerves all penetrate at the lower edge of the corresponding vertebrae. When the spinal nerve leaves the spinal cord, it first wraps around a layer of soft spinal membrane, and when it penetrates the arachno-dural sac, it corresponds around the arachnoid membrane and dura mater to form a sheath, usually with the corresponding The intervertebral foramen, where the anterior and posterior roots of the spinal nerve merge into the spinal nerve, the spinal nerve root is looser on the side of the subarachnoid space and has a certain stretch, while the epidural segment is short and straight, this segment is easily compressed at the intervertebral foramen, the vertical diameter of the intervertebral foramen is longer, while the horizontal diameter is shorter, and the horizontal surface diameter is only slightly larger than the spinal nerve root. When the cervical nerve penetrates the intervertebral foramen, it passes directly through the posterior lateral side of the disc in the plane of its penetration, because the cervical nerve penetrates from the side of the corresponding vertebral body, when the cervical nerve is compressed by the herniated disc, the number of sequences of the compressed cervical nerve is one more than the number of sequences of the herniated disc, the lumbar intervertebral foramen has a long vertical diameter, and when the lumbar nerve penetrates, it passes behind the vertebral body above the disc, so the herniated disc does not compress the nerve that penetrates in the same plane. When the lumbar intervertebral disc protrudes posteriorly and laterally, the epidural cavity narrows and compresses the intradural surface downward against the lateral spinal nerve roots, such as the 4th-5th lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, which compresses the 5th lumbar nerve and the 1st sacral nerve. 3, the anatomy of the intervertebral disc intervertebral disc consists of cartilage plate, fibrous ring and nucleus pulposus (1) cartilage plate that is the upper and lower cartilage surface of the vertebral body, as the upper and lower boundary of the nucleus pulposus, separated from the adjacent vertebral body, the cartilage has a bearing force to prevent pressure on the spinal canal, as long as the cartilage plate remains intact, the vertebral body will not be absorbed due to pressure, while the cartilage plate has a semi-permeable membrane, under osmotic pressure, certain substances can diffuse into the non-vascular intervertebral disc. (2) Fibrous ring around the upper and lower cartilage plate by concentric layers of fiber organization, the fiber ring layers are oblique and circular direction, interlocked, adjacent to the two layers are connected by adhesive material, is the main organization of the intervertebral disc weight-bearing, and the upper and lower cartilage plate and the spinal anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments are closely linked.