The posterior circulation is supplied by the vertebrobasilar artery, which supplies the cerebellum, brainstem, and posterior 2/5 of the cerebral hemispheres. After injury, the symptoms can include vertigo, nausea, vomiting, ataxia, impaired balance, clumsy speech, and difficulty swallowing. Most of the posterior circulation disorders are considered to be caused by posterior circulation cerebrovascular diseases, such as posterior circulation transient cerebral ischemia patients can appear, the duration of symptoms generally varies from several minutes to tens of minutes, rarely more than an hour, and the symptoms are completely relieved within 24 hours, mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people, which may be a manifestation of cerebral atherosclerosis, and can be treated by applying drugs to activate blood circulation and improve blood circulation. If frequent episodes occur, it can develop into cerebral infarction, and anti-platelet aggregation drugs should be applied. If the patient’s symptoms are persistent, it may be cerebellar or brainstem infarction or hemorrhage, also seen in cerebellar tumors and inflammation. Cerebrovascular disease usually has an acute onset, and brain tumors usually have a chronic onset, and cranial MRI can clarify the diagnosis. Patients with subacute onset of encephalitis may present with fever. If necessary, an electroencephalogram or cerebrospinal fluid extraction for pathogenic examination may be performed to clarify the diagnosis.