Patients with a large amount of peritoneal fluid in the abdominal cavity can often be examined and treated by laparoscopic extraction of ascites, the main risks are as follows: First, because of the poor resistance of patients, laparoscopic extraction of ascites may cause serious infection if the disinfection is not complete, causing chills, high fever and other clinical manifestations, and even life-threatening. Second, the process of laparotomy, because the intestinal tube floats on the surface of ascites, the puncture needle may pierce into the intestinal tube causing rupture of the intestinal tube, the contents of the intestinal tube into the peritoneal cavity can cause diffuse peritonitis, inducing serious infection of the patient’s abdominal cavity, so laparotomy under ultrasound guidance is safer. Third, if the patient’s abdominal puncture aspirates a large amount of ascites at one time, it may cause a large amount of nutrient loss in the body and induce serious complications such as electrolyte disorders and hepatic encephalopathy.