The position of kidney stone surgery mainly depends on the type of operation, which usually includes percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy, the former is mainly in the prone position, and the latter is mainly in the lithotomy position. 1. Percutaneous nephrolithotripsy: under the positioning of ultrasound or X-ray, it is necessary to reach the renal calyx or renal pelvis by fine needle puncture through the back of the waist, therefore, it is necessary to let the patient take the prone position to maximize the exposure of the surgical field, in order to dilate and establish the passage from the skin to the kidney, and to remove or crush the stone under nephrolithotripsy. 2. Ureteroscopic lithotripsy: Ureteroscope is inserted through the urethra to find the ureteral orifice in the bladder. Since the urethra is located in the anterior side of the patient, it is possible to enter the scope in the truncated position, which is convenient for the doctor to observe. And under the guidance of a safe guidewire, it enters the ureter up to the kidney and removes the stone with a lasso or forceps. If the stone is large, it can be crushed by ultrasound, laser or pneumatic ballistic. In addition, doctors will adopt different treatment methods according to the patient’s personal situation, the size and location of the stone, and the severity of the condition. If the stone is embedded or too large, etc., traditional open surgical treatment is required if necessary. Surgical positions include lying down and prone position, depending mainly on the location of the stone.