Effective and successful surgery requires the cooperation of professional anesthesiologists before, during and after surgery. Anesthesia can provide a perfect and comfortable pain relief process, in the sleep and muscle relaxation, so that the operation can be smooth and safe to achieve the therapeutic purpose. As anesthesiologists, our main goal is to provide the best possible anesthesia treatment to our patients, safe, comfortable and painless. Patients are expected to read the relevant sections in order to work with your anesthesiologist to make the most logical choices regarding your anesthesia. When you talk to your anesthesiologist, ask him any questions you have about your concerns, such as choice of anesthesia and how to relieve pain after surgery. The human body has a whole system for transmitting information, the nervous system, which is made up of thousands of nerve cells that interconnect the brain and spinal cord into a network system. It transmits information that includes internal organs, skin, bones and muscles. Through this system electrochemical signals are exchanged and information from the external environment is constantly transmitted to the brain, including injurious information such as pain. These signals are first transmitted from the nerve endings to the spinal cord and then up to different areas of the brain, where they are processed by the brain to form emotions, feelings, thoughts, and actions. Anesthesia is mainly classified as local anesthesia, regional block, and general anesthesia, which block the transmission of pain in different areas. Imagine that the nervous system is a telephone system, the brain is the switchboard, the nerves are telephone lines, the body’s painful parts are telephone sets, general anesthesia mainly acts on the brain, regional block acts on the telephone lines, local anesthesia acts on the telephone sets. For example, your foot needs to do a very small range of surgery, the doctor decided to do local anesthesia, just so that the surgical site of the nerve block, can not reach the nervous system, usually applies to very small surgery. If the patient needs to undergo a major surgery such as a fracture of the thigh, a regional nerve block is needed, commonly used epidural anesthesia, which is a temporary blockage of a large number of nerve plexuses so that pain signals cannot reach the spinal cord and the brain in order to achieve a wide range of elimination of pain. It is like the telephone line is temporarily blocked, the telephone in this area can not reach the switchboard. If a patient needs special surgery such as heart surgery, the anesthesiologist will consider general anesthesia to be the best. General anesthesia will temporarily make your loss of consciousness, can not detect the pain signals transmitted by the nervous system, can not form consciousness, pain, emotion, as if the switchboard operator temporarily rest, all the phone calls can not be connected for the time being. When general anesthesia is performed for complex surgery, anesthesiologists will choose a variety of drugs in order to achieve different goals. They use inhalational anesthetics, intravenous anesthetics to make the loss of consciousness; muscle relaxants to make muscle relaxation; analgesics to eliminate pain; other drugs (non-narcotic drugs) to maintain basic vital functions, anesthesiologists should be a variety of drugs coordinated application, according to individual differences in the rational use of drugs. When do I need anesthesia? Anesthesia is necessary for any surgery or examination that may cause pain. Such as surgery (including general surgery, abdominal, neurological, orthopedic, thoracic, cardiac, vascular, urological, pediatric and other surgery), obstetrics and gynecology, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, stomatology and other major, medium and minor surgery, and gastrointestinaloscopic examination and treatment, bronchoscopy, abortion, childbirth and interventional therapy and so on.