Patients who are found to have gallbladder polyps often think they have escaped and are glad that the small swelling in their gallbladder is just a “polyp” and not a “tumor”. In fact, gallbladder polyps are divided into true polyps and pseudopolyps, among which true polyps are also called tumor polyps, which are potential precancerous lesions and closely related to gallbladder cancer. Therefore, the nature of polyps should be clarified after they are detected. Generally speaking, true polyps mainly refer to polyps caused by hyperplasia of gallbladder glands and muscular layer, and the way to confirm the diagnosis is to perform ultrasound examination, even for polyps smaller than 5 mm, the detection rate can be over 90%. If malignancy is suspected, Doppler ultrasound, CT, MRI and positron emission tomography (PET-CT examination) are also performed. Pseudopolyps mainly refer to cholesterol polyps, inflammatory polyps and adenomyoma of gallbladder, among which cholesterol crystals are the most common, accounting for about 80% of gallbladder polyp-like lesions, but these polyps are not cancerous. In addition, some patients with gallbladder polyps have a family history, especially cholesterol crystalline polyps and adenomatous polyps. True polyps may lead to cancer and should be operated early if imaging suggests a malignant tendency. For multiple, smaller cholesterol polyps, most do not require surgery and an annual physical examination is sufficient. Single polyps should be vigilant, polyps less than 10 mm, age less than 50 years old patients should be followed up once every 3-6 months; single polyps greater than 10 mm, age over 50 years old with gallbladder stones, Doppler ultrasound lesions with abundant blood supply suggest malignant possibility, should be early to the hospital to decide whether surgery.