Hernia is a multiple disease, especially among children and middle-aged and elderly people who suffer from hernia is very high, according to relevant data: there are about 20 million cases of inguinal hernia patients worldwide every year. The general incidence of hernia is 1-4%, 15 times higher in men than in women. In China, the elderly population is over 300 million, the incidence of hernia in the population over 60 years old is 1.18%, and the number of elderly hernia patients is about 5.4 million, so there are still millions of hernia patients suffering from pain in China.
Factors of hernia formation
1. the presence of weak zones in the abdominal wall: congenital dysplasia (the main cause of its occurrence in children)
2. increased abdominal pressure: constipation, cough, difficulty in urination, physical labor, obesity, ascites, abdominal tumors, etc.
Clinical manifestations
A reversible swelling (protrudes when standing with force and disappears after lying down) appears at the onset site, often asymptomatic, or feels distended in the lower abdomen, falling urination or defecation; when the disease is longer, it may not disappear due to adhesions, but there is no special discomfort, becoming a refractory hernia; after sudden force, the swelling protrudes too much and cannot be returned, becoming an incarcerated hernia, with severe local pain and abdominal pain and distension, which is the most serious case of hernia, and delayed treatment may Delayed treatment may lead to intestinal necrosis, which may even endanger life. Therefore, we recommend early treatment of hernia.
Prevention
The weakness of the abdominal wall cannot be targeted for prevention, but can only be prevented by avoiding all factors that increase abdominal pressure, such as
1, rationalize the diet, eat more vegetables and fruits, keep the bowels open and solve constipation in a timely manner.
2, do not hold urine, with prostate enlargement timely treatment.
3, quit smoking or less smoking, avoid coughing.
4, exercise and physical work as far as possible without explosive force.
Treatment methods
1.Conservative treatment
(1) Infants and young children: infants and young children within 2 years of age, with a small hernia sac and no incarcerated can apply hernia belt, and some children may be cured.
(2) Those with absolute contraindications such as abnormal coagulation function, advanced cachexia of tumor, etc. can consider conservative therapy such as hernia brace hernia belt.
2.Surgical treatment
Surgery is the only reliable treatment for all hernia patients except those mentioned above. Any conservative treatment will not solve the problem at all and will cause local adhesions, making surgery difficult.
(1) Open surgery: This is the commonly applied surgical approach.
(1) Tension hernia repair: the tissues around the defect are forcibly sutured and pulled together thus eliminating the defect and achieving the treatment purpose. Disadvantages: severe tissue pulling pain, easy recurrence (10-20%), poor postoperative quality of life.
(2) Tension-free hernia repair (patch method) uses a medical patch to repair the defect area, which is most in line with the physiological structure and has light pain; the recurrence rate is low (<1%), with little impact on life and fast recovery.
(2) Laparoscopic surgery: It is a new surgical method developed in recent years, which has the advantages of small damage and fast recovery, but the cost of surgery is higher.