Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for thyroglossal duct cysts in children, but elective surgery may be performed for those younger than 2 years of age, with smaller cysts, or in the absence of infection. Pediatric thyroglossal duct cysts are a common congenital disorder, most of which can be detected before the age of 7 years. It is associated with abnormal development of the thyroglossal duct and is usually treated with surgical excision; if the thyroglossal duct cyst is also complicated by infection, it needs to be incised and drained first, and then operated on in a second stage after the inflammation subsides. However, if the patient is younger than 2 years old, the cyst is small or there is no infection, surgery may not be rushed, but regular follow-ups are needed, and if any abnormality is found during the follow-ups, the patient should go to a regular hospital to take treatment in a timely manner. In addition, children who have been diagnosed with thyroglossal cysts should go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying their condition.