As we all know, “mini-stroke” is the medical term for transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is a limited cerebral dysfunction in the blood supply area of the brain caused by transient ischemia from various causes. Each attack lasts from a few tens of seconds to twenty minutes, and then resolves on its own within 24 hours, after which the clinical symptoms disappear without any sequelae. After the initial seizure, patients often experience recurrent seizures, some patients can have several or even dozens of seizures a day, and some have seizures once every few months. Some patients have several attacks a day or even dozens of attacks a day, and some have attacks once every few months. ”A small stroke is an extremely important precursor and the most important risk factor for a stroke. Some studies have shown that people who have had a mini-stroke are 16 times more likely to have a stroke than those who have not had a mini-stroke, and those who have frequent episodes will inadvertently and quietly develop a complete cerebral infarction, and about 10% of TIA patients who are not well controlled within a year may have a serious stroke such as cerebral hemorrhage, massive cerebral infarction and other life-threatening conditions. According to medical data, 1/3 of patients who have such episodes without proper treatment have the possibility of developing complete cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage within a few years; 1/3 have damage to brain function due to long-term recurrent episodes. Therefore, transient ischemic attacks are now treated clinically as a neurological emergency. There are many causes of transient ischemic attack-“mini-stroke”, and it is generally believed that atherosclerosis of intra- and extracerebral arteries is the most common cause. The next causes are vascular stenosis, blood hypercoagulation, microembolism, microvascular spasm, high and low blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, subclavian artery steal syndrome, cervical spondylosis, diabetes mellitus and many others. The symptoms of transient ischemic attack are related to the site of ischemia, which is usually divided into the internal carotid artery system and the vertebrobasilar system. The symptoms of “mini-stroke” may vary from unfavorable movement of one limb, numbness, discomfort or even paralysis, to vertigo, vision loss, diplopia and ataxia, or unfavorable speech or complete inability to speak. Middle-aged and elderly people who suddenly appear the above symptoms and recover quickly should be highly alert, especially those who suffer from hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, heart disease or cervical spondylosis at the same time, should never take it lightly, otherwise when a complete stroke occurs, the best time for treatment will be lost, and may regret for the rest of their lives. Immediately go to the hospital neurology specialist for further examination. Do early detection, early prevention, timely scientific standardized and effective treatment, the more timely the consultation, the more ideal the treatment effect, can avoid the further development of its symptoms leading to cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage. ”Small strokes” – transient ischemic attacks mostly occur in the context of position change, excessive activity, sudden neck rotation or flexion and extension. The clinical manifestations of the disease are sudden, recurrent, transient and stereotyped. In case of transient ischemic attack, absolute bed rest (horizontal position) is required to maintain emotional stability, control and maintain blood pressure within the normal range to terminate and reduce transient ischemic attack. To prevent or delay the onset of cerebral infarction or cerebral hemorrhage, the following preventive and control measures should be taken: 1. Anti-platelet aggregation therapy: small doses of aspirin should be taken orally. The main purpose is to inhibit platelet aggregation and release so that tiny thrombi cannot be formed. 2, anticoagulation therapy: if found that frequent treatment with other drugs is not effective, and there is no contraindication to bleeding disorders, can be anticoagulation therapy, commonly used drugs for heparin, double coumarin, etc. 3, vasodilatation therapy: brain Yizine, Vibram, brain regain, etc. is effective in improving brain circulation. In addition to medication, we should actively strengthen physical exercise, keep a happy spirit, actively treat hypertension and atherosclerosis, heart disease, diabetes and other causative factors, and also take long-term vitamin C, vitamin E, compound salvia tablets or drops and other drugs. 4. Climate change, especially cold, is a trigger for stroke, and middle-aged and elderly people have poor adaptability to the changing climate of the seasons, therefore, middle-aged and elderly people must be highly alert to the occurrence of stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases at this time. Small stroke is a danger signal of stroke and should be paid high attention. 5. If intracranial artery stenosis is found by cerebral angiography and drug treatment is ineffective, surgery and interventional treatment can be considered.