Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common lumbar disorders in clinical practice, which occurs in young adults. It is a disease caused by the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus compressing the nerve roots after the rupture of the annulus fibrosus, resulting in back and leg pain as the main manifestation. When the lumbar intervertebral disc ruptures due to degenerative changes or trauma, the nucleus pulposus prolapses from the rupture and compresses the lumbar nerve, resulting in radiating pain in the back and legs. The quality of life is seriously affected, and a few patients may also suffer from urinary and fecal incontinence, sexual dysfunction, and even paralysis. Most of the lumbar disc herniation can be treated conservatively, but in a few patients, such as those with recurrent symptoms, unsatisfactory results of conservative treatment, large protrusions, obvious nerve damage, and heavy and urgent symptoms, surgery is preferred. The traditional surgical procedures are: disc opening and nucleus pulposus removal, intervertebral cage fusion and internal fixation with pedicle nails. With the development of minimally invasive techniques, the use of endoscopic techniques in spine surgery has become more widespread. The advantage of intervertebral foraminoscopy is that the surgical instruments are operated entirely in the triangular working area of the appropriate and safe area. Unlike conventional surgery, which requires a posterior lateral approach and necessitates disruption of the lamina, a wider access to the disc and the upper and lower vertebral endplates can be created. Adequate decompression can be achieved. The symptoms of back and leg pain are relieved. Patients can be on the floor the next day after surgery and are discharged in about three days. Normal work can be resumed in two weeks.