OVERVIEW
Overview.
Epileptic catatonic seizures are a form of generalized epilepsy and are most commonly seen in children between the ages of 4 and 12. Clinical manifestations include sudden and abrupt loss of concentration, cessation of movement, slowing or interruption of speech, and double gaze, with no memory of the seizure. Treatment is based on medication, and the prognosis is relatively good.
Whether medical insurance
Yes, it is
Department
Neurology, Pediatrics.
Clinical symptoms
Sudden loss of concentration, cessation of movement, slowing or interruption of speech, and double gaze, usually lasting no more than 20 seconds, with no memory of the seizure afterward.
Hazards
Frequent seizures may range from dozens to more than a hundred per day, affecting the patient’s normal life.
Examination
The EEG shows 3 Hz sharp and slow integrated waves of wide origin in all leads.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is based on the clinical transient catatonic seizures, easily induced by hyperventilation, and the characteristic manifestations of electroencephalogram.
Treatment principle
Drug therapy is the mainstay.
Cure
Treatment can relieve symptoms.
Dietary recommendations
Normal diet.
Etiology
Epidemiology
Most common in children aged 4-12 years.
Etiology
May be related to genetics, brain injury, encephalitis, and other factors, and can be triggered by hyperventilation.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
The patient suddenly loses consciousness and stops moving, slows down or pauses in speech, stares with both eyes, mostly without clonus or tilting, and often lasts for 3-15 seconds and then suddenly wakes up, with no drowsiness and other subsequent phenomena. It may occur during conversation, eating and walking, and after waking up, the person continues the previous action without memory of the seizure. Seizures may occur several times a day, sometimes in a continuous state.
Diagnostic basis
1. The patient has a sudden and abrupt loss of concentration, with symptoms such as cessation of movement, slowing down or pausing of speech, staring with both eyes, and no memory of the seizure after the seizure.
2. Electroencephalogram (EEG) examination during the seizure can find obvious abnormalities, which can be used as the basis for diagnosis. Typical brain waves during seizures are symmetrical and synchronized 3 Hz spikes and slow complex waves or 3 Hz rhythmic slow waves without spikes. In the intermittent period, most of the brain waves are normal, or there may be paroxysmal abnormal waves.
3. Hyperventilation can be induced.
Treatment
Treatment guideline
Drug therapy is the mainstay.
Medication
Antiepileptic drugs can be chosen for treatment, such as ethosuximide, sodium valproate, lamotrigine and so on. Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin sodium can aggravate petit mal seizures and should be used with caution.
Prognosis
The prognosis is relatively good compared to some other types of epilepsy.
Nursing care
Daily care
Adopt good living habits, work and rest on time, avoid exertion and staying up late.
2. Perform other activities in the company of others to avoid injuries during seizures.
3. Keep a good state of mind and avoid bad emotions such as fear and anxiety.
Diet regulation
Normal diet.