Injury above the vocal cords is a clinical manifestation of open neck injury. Arytenoid cartilage dislocation and hematoma above and below the vocal folds or vocal folds are also associated with hoarseness or loss of voice, sometimes with laryngeal tinnitus on inspiration. Patients often complain of painful swallowing, difficulty in swallowing, weakness in coughing, and inability to turn their heads. So, what are the differential diagnoses that should be made for patients with damage above the vocal cords? The following is a brief introduction: Differential diagnosis of injury above the vocal cords: 1. injury above the tracheal ridge: moderate aspiration injury refers to injury above the tracheal ridge, including the pharynx and trachea. Mediastinal tumor, the mediastinum is located between the two sides of the lungs, with the sternum and thoracic vertebrae as its anterior and posterior boundaries. There are many important organs inside, including large blood vessels, trachea, main bronchus, pericardium, esophagus, thymus and a large amount of fat, nerves and lymphatic vessels, which become mediastinal tumors due to abnormal congenital development process or acquired cyst or tumor formation. There are many kinds of mediastinal tumors, both primary and metastatic, and the primary tumors are mostly benign, but some of them are also malignant. In order to indicate the location of the lesion in the mediastinum, the mediastinum can be divided into several parts, with the level of the sternum and the lower edge of the 4th thoracic vertebra divided into upper and lower parts, the mediastinal space containing many important organs is called the visceral organ mediastinum (middle mediastinum), the space in front of the right trachea and pericardium is the anterior mediastinum; behind the trachea and pericardium (including the esophagus and the paraspinal mediastinum) is called the posterior mediastinum. According to the domestic statistics, the incidence of mediastinal tumors is the first with neurogenic tumors, followed by teratology, thymic tumors and thyroid original tumors, and the least with various cystic tumors. 2.Injury above the vocal cords: it is patients often complain of painful swallowing, difficulty in swallowing, coughing weakness and inability to turn the head. Prevention and treatment of infection after inhalation injury, due to airway and lung damage, cilia function destruction, airway secretions and foreign bodies can not be discharged in a timely manner, local and systemic resistance decline, etc., often lead to airway and lung infection. Once infected, if not treated in time, it can be complicated by acute respiratory failure and become an important focal point of systemic infection and induce sepsis.