For bilirubin encephalopathy, if bilirubin elevation is detected early in the child, and blue light irradiation treatment and blood exchange treatment are carried out on the same day when bilirubin elevation is detected, there are usually no sequelae, and early and timely treatment is of great significance for the recovery of this kind of disease. If bilirubin is elevated later or for a longer period of time, bilirubin can break through the blood-brain barrier and damage the brain parenchyma, resulting in decreased or loss of hearing, delayed neurological development, and decreased coordination of limb movement. In the latter case, it is necessary to actively treat the primary disease while treating the complications. After the child recovers, hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be considered, as well as the administration of nutritive neurological drugs or physical therapy to train the child’s limb coordination.