1. What is “glaucoma”? Simply put, most glaucoma is a disease that causes damage to the optic nerve due to increased eye pressure, resulting in reduced vision. However, it can also occur when the eye pressure is not high, but the blood flow to the eye is reduced, resulting in atrophy of the optic nerve and damage to vision. If left untreated, glaucoma can lead to blindness. It is the second most common eye disease after cataract. 2. How is glaucoma formed? In the eye, there is a clear fluid (atrial fluid) that is constantly circulating. The atrial system of the eye is like a sink where the faucet is always open, and the drainage system of the eye is like a drainage pipe connected to the sink. Imagine what would happen if the drainage pipe became clogged? By the same token, if the atrial drainage system of the eye is narrowed or blocked, the drainage of atrial fluid in the eye will be blocked and the pressure will increase, causing glaucoma. 3.What are the early symptoms of glaucoma? Early glaucoma can have no discomfort, and some may experience visual fatigue, eye swelling, headache, blurred vision, and sometimes a rainbow type of aperture around the lights at night. With rest, the symptoms can disappear. Those who have the above symptoms should seek medical attention promptly. 4.Can glaucoma be effectively prevented? It is difficult. Thus, early detection and early treatment are crucial. Especially those who have a family history of glaucoma and are over 40 years old should have regular eye examinations. Pay attention to rest and sleep, avoid overexertion and emotional excitement. Read or work at close range with sufficient light. 5.How is glaucoma treated? Once a person is diagnosed with glaucoma, he or she must strictly follow medical advice and adhere to lifelong treatment. Early glaucoma can be treated with IOP-lowering drugs (topical drops or oral). If the IOP cannot be effectively controlled with medication, surgery must be performed. Please note that there are many kinds of anti-glaucoma medications, and no matter which one you use, you must follow the doctor’s instructions. Moreover, if you experience any significant discomfort in the eyes or other parts of the body during the medication, please stop it immediately and consult your ophthalmologist or seek medical attention as soon as possible.