Bronchial asthma (asthma), is a disease characterized by airway allergic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness with eosinophilic and mast cell responses. Susceptible individuals exhibit varying degrees of reversible airway obstruction symptoms in response to such inflammation. The clinical picture is characterized by recurrent episodes of expiratory dyspnea with rales, chest tightness, or cough, which may resolve spontaneously or with treatment. Severe patients may continue for several days to weeks or have several attacks in one day, which is very painful for the patient. Asthma lasts a long time, the human body appears Various symptoms of hypoxia, such as myocardial hypoxia, cerebral hypoxia leading to angina pectoris, heart failure, pulmonary encephalopathy and other serious consequences. Long-term recurrent attacks are often complicated by chronic bronchitis and emphysema, pulmonary heart disease. There are about 160 million patients in the world, and the prevalence rate varies from 1% to 5%, and the prevalence rate in China is close to 1%. Bronchial asthma can occur at any age, half of the onset before the age of 12, adult male and female prevalence is about the same. About 20% of patients have a family history. First, the etiology of asthma: the patient’s individual allergic body and the impact of environmental factors are risk factors for the development of. Asthma is associated with polygenic inheritance and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors mainly include certain stimulating factors, such as: dust mites, pollen, fungi, animal dander, sulfur dioxide, ammonia and other specific and non-specific inhalants; infections, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, parasites, etc.; food, such as fish, shrimp, crabs, eggs, milk, etc.; medications, such as propranolol (xinandian), aspirin, etc.; climate change, exercise, pregnancy, etc., may be a stimulating factor for asthma. The following are some of the factors that may trigger asthma: climate change, exercise, pregnancy, etc. Second, the clinical manifestations of asthma: (1) aura symptoms related to seasonal and obvious exposure to allergens. Before the attack, there are mostly nose, eyelid itching, sneezing, runny or cough. (2) Performance during an attack There is expiratory dyspnea with rales, chest tightness with a sense of tightness and pressure, expiratory effort, forced to take a sitting position, lasting from a few minutes to a few days are available. Severe asthma patients have obvious cyanosis of the face and lips. Multiple attacks can occur in one day. (3) When the asthma attack lasts for more than 24 hours, it is called “asthma persistent state”, which is one of the critical illnesses in internal medicine and needs to be actively rescued. The patient is extremely difficult to breathe, a lot of sweating caused by sputum thick and not easy to cluck out, and then respiratory failure, confusion, severe respiratory gradually stop. Third, asthma attack rescue measures: (1) first try to make the patient quiet down, encourage more warm water, and pat the back, in order to facilitate sputum out. (2) give the patient oxygen inhalation, it is best to use the humidification bottle wet oxygen before inhalation. (3) Use aerosol. Currently there are more dosage forms, including receptor agonists, cholinergics, and so on. Sprayed into the mouth during deep inhalation, it can make asthma better. However, it is not advisable to apply too much in a short period of time to avoid side effects such as tachycardia. (4) Theophylline drugs. Aminophylline has effect on all kinds of asthma. Oral effect is not good available intravenous drip, but must be applied in the hospital. (5) Glucocorticoids are the most effective drugs for controlling asthma attacks. (6) Respiratory tract infection induced asthma, the application of antibiotic therapy. (7) The choice of expectorant drugs, should not use cough suppressants, such as cough Bizheng, codeine, etc., so as to avoid phlegm retained in the lungs aggravate asthma. (8) Asthma caused by allergic factors, actively search for allergens, avoid inhalation, contact or food, so as to prevent asthma relapse. (9) After the above treatment, asthma is still persistent, should be sent to the hospital in time for treatment. Preventive measures: asthma treatment is certainly important, but prevention should not be ignored. After an attack, actively search for allergens and causes. Take preventive measures against allergens. At the same time, quit smoking, prevent colds. Strengthen the physical exercise, enhance the ability to resist disease. Appropriate bacterial vaccine treatment or nuclear casein injection, and transfer factor treatment if possible, in order to reduce or minimize asthma attacks. Generally asthma after acute treatment symptoms are controlled, but the chronic inflammatory pathophysiological changes of asthma still exist, therefore, it is necessary to develop a long-term treatment program for asthma. Appropriate long-term treatment programs are developed according to the different degrees of asthma. Strengthen the education and management of asthma patients.