Bronchial asthma topic – how to use hormones correctly?

Hormones are the most effective drugs for controlling airway inflammation and have an important place in asthma treatment. Routes of administration include inhalation, oral and intravenous applications. Inhalation is the preferred route. 1, inhalation: inhalation hormone local anti-inflammatory effect is strong; through the inhalation process of drug administration, the drug acts directly on the respiratory tract, the required dose is small. Most of the drugs entering the bloodstream through the digestive tract and respiratory tract are inactivated by the liver, so the systemic adverse reactions are less. Inhaled hormones can effectively reduce asthma symptoms, improve quality of life, improve lung function, reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, control airway inflammation, reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks, and reduce the morbidity and mortality rate. Most adults with asthma have good control of their asthma with small doses of inhaled hormones. Excessive increases in inhaled hormone doses have less benefit and more adverse effects on asthma control. Because smoking reduces the effectiveness of hormones, patients who smoke must stop smoking and be given higher doses of inhaled hormones. There is a clear relationship between the dose of inhaled hormones and the prevention of severe acute asthma attacks, so that long-term high-dose inhaled hormones are beneficial in patients with severe asthma. Adverse effects of inhaled hormones localized in the oropharynx include hoarseness, pharyngeal discomfort, and candida infections. Prompt gargling of the oropharynx with water after inhalation and the use of dry powder inhalers or the addition of a mist storage device can reduce these adverse effects. The magnitude of systemic adverse effects of inhaled hormones is related to the dose of the drug, the bioavailability of the drug, its absorption in the intestine, the rate of hepatic first-pass metabolism, and the half-life of systemically absorbed drugs. Currently there is evidence that adult asthma patients inhaling low to medium doses of hormones per day will not experience significant systemic adverse effects. 2, oral administration: for moderate asthma attacks, chronic persistent asthma inhalation of high-dose inhaled hormone combination therapy is ineffective patients and as a sequential treatment after intravenous application of hormone therapy. Generally use a shorter half-life hormone (such as prednisone, prednisolone or methylprednisolone, etc.). In hormone-dependent asthma, a daily or every other morning dose may be used to minimize the inhibitory effects of exogenous hormones on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Although systemic administration of hormones is not a frequently used method of relieving asthma symptoms, it is needed for severe acute asthma because it can prevent the deterioration of asthma, reduce the chances of emergency room visits or hospitalization due to asthma, prevent early relapses, and reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. 3, intravenous drug: severe acute asthma attack, should be given through the vein in a timely manner hormone. Those who have no tendency of hormone dependence can stop taking the drug in a short period of time (3-5d); those who have tendency of hormone dependence should prolong the time of drug administration, change to oral administration after controlling asthma symptoms, and gradually reduce the dosage of hormone. At present, there are two incorrect tendencies to the use of hormones, one is the abuse of the use of non-selective, non-differentiation of the course of the disease, without adjusting the dosage; the other is to talk about hormones, confused by some incorrect statements, that the hormone can not be used and refused to use the hormone, both of these ideas are wrong, the control of asthma is detrimental to the benefit of should listen to the professional doctor’s advice and guidance in order for the patient to be able to “Breathe freely”.