Thyroid surgery is not recommended during menstruation if it is not required as an emergency procedure for special circumstances. Most thyroid surgeries are elective surgeries, and try to adjust as much as possible before proceeding when there are abnormalities in the body. If menstruation is encountered, thyroid surgery during menstruation may cause increased blood leakage during surgery, resulting in decreased resolution of the field, which is not favorable for surgery; it may also lead to increased chances of postoperative bleeding, which is not favorable for physical recovery. Therefore, thyroid surgery meets menstruation, it is recommended to improve the thyroid function and other related tests, and wait for 2~3 days after menstruation before proceeding. In addition to thyroid surgery, other elective surgeries are generally not recommended to be performed during menstruation; however, in case of emergency or life-threatening situations that require surgery as soon as possible to control the risk, the first priority should be to save the patient’s life.