Clinically used western drugs for edema, such as furosemide, etanercept and bumetanide, which act on the thick segment of the ascending branch of renal medullary collaterals, are potassium-excreting type of diuretics, which can promote the sodium-potassium exchange and increase the excretion of potassium. There are also thiazide diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, metolazone, acting in the proximal distal tubule of the kidney, inhibit sodium chloride reabsorption, also belongs to the potassium-excluding type of diuretics, which can alleviate mild edema and also reduce blood pressure. Clinically, it is also common to use potassium-preserving diuretics such as spironolactone, which is an aldosterone analog, and it mainly competitively inhibits aldosterone receptors, thus playing the role of potassium-preserving urination. There is also a kind of osmotic diuretics such as mannitol, mainly to increase the osmotic pressure of capillaries, so that the transfer of fluid between the tissues to the plasma and thus produce a dehydrating effect, often used to reduce intracranial pressure, and its diuretic effect is faster, so it can also be applied to the prevention of acute renal failure.