1. Is the definition of frozen shoulder accurate? The pain and dysfunction of the shoulder joint caused by soft tissue lesions around the shoulder is generally referred to as periarthritis of the shoulder, or frozen shoulder. However, because the diagnostic term periarthritis has a vague meaning on the location and nature of the lesion, the diagnostic name is not specific enough, and the treatment methods are many and different, which affects the improvement of the treatment effect and the objective evaluation and comparison of the effect of each treatment method. 2.What diseases are included in the concept of frozen shoulder? With the accumulation of anatomical, pathological, biochemical, immunological and etiological knowledge, especially the rapid development of recent electronic technology, optics, sports biomechanics, diagnostic imaging technology and sports traumatology and the accumulation of clinical experience of medical experts, conditions have been created for a more accurate and scientific diagnosis of shoulder injuries and diseases. At present, frozen shoulder has been gradually replaced by specific diagnostic terms such as long head biceps tenosynovitis, rostral synovitis, supraspinatus tendonitis, subacromial bursitis, frozen shoulder, shoulder impingement syndrome, rotator cuff injury, etc. The term frozen shoulder has been replaced by the term frozen shoulder in name only. 3.What are the causes of frozen shoulder? ① Most of the disease occurs in middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old, soft tissue degeneration and weakening of the ability to withstand various external forces are the basic factors; ② Chronic injurious forces caused by long-term over-activity and poor posture are the main triggering factors; ③ The shoulder is fixed for too long after upper limb trauma, and the periapical tissues atrophy and adhesions occur secondary to this. ④ Acute contusion and strain of the shoulder due to improper treatment, etc. Extra-shoulder factors Cervical spondylosis, shoulder entrapment pain occurring from heart, lung, and biliary tract diseases, and persistent spasm and ischemia of the shoulder muscle due to long-term untreated primary disease, resulting in the formation of inflammatory lesions, transforming into true frozen shoulder. 4.What are the conservative treatments? Most patients with different diagnoses of frozen shoulder can be treated with pain relievers, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Chinese herbal medicine to dispel the wind and cold, relieve spasm and activate blood circulation, local closed injection and physical therapy to reduce inflammation, analgesia, antispasm, improve blood circulation and relax muscles. Exercise rehabilitation training is “three parts of medicine and seven parts of practice”. Patients should be encouraged to do more exercises for the shoulder joint, especially large exercises, which are beneficial to prevent adhesions of the shoulder joint and constriction and contracture of the shoulder soft tissues. Cure or relief is obtained after treatment with these measures. Closed treatment for rostral synostosis is the most effective; coagulation shoulder is a self-limiting disease, and the course of the disease can generally heal itself in about one year. 5.What is minimally invasive shoulder arthroscopy? Shoulder arthroscopic surgery is one of the fastest growing disciplines in the field of surgery and sports medicine in the last twenty-five years. Shoulder arthroscopic surgery, like other arthroscopic surgeries, requires specialized shoulder arthroscopic instruments and equipment. It requires a shoulder arthroscopist to select two to three 5 mm long surgical entrances in the shoulder joint, implant the shoulder arthroscope and surgical instruments, use sutures and suture rivets for suture fixation of the broken muscle and tendon tissue, power grinding system instruments for bone tissue and related soft tissue removal, and post-operative combination with advanced The postoperative period is combined with advanced sports rehabilitation training to achieve a good therapeutic effect of minimally invasive surgery. Because of the advantages of accurate diagnosis, small surgical trauma, precise surgery, no need for secondary surgery to remove the fixed consumables, and significant effect, the shoulder arthroscopy technique is popular among patients with shoulder arthrosis. Minimally invasive shoulder arthroscopy will become the main surgical means for the treatment of frozen shoulder now and in the future. 6.What patients are suitable for minimally invasive shoulder arthroscopy? Patients with persistent frozen shoulder are those who have been ineffective after more than 3 months of conservative treatment, with prolonged persistent pain, skeletal deformities, severe lesions or ruptures of rotator cuff tendons, intra-articular adhesions and contractures of the joint capsule resulting in severe dysfunction of the shoulder joint, or those who have obvious impingement caused by subacromial bones, and these patients should be actively treated surgically. 7.What is the efficacy of minimally invasive shoulder arthroscopy? Take rotator cuff injury as an example to illustrate the treatment effect of minimally invasive shoulder arthroscopy: open rotator cuff repair used to be the gold standard for surgical treatment of rotator cuff tears, and the pain relief rate of this surgery was 87% on average, while the pain relief rate of modern rotator cuff repair surgery under shoulder arthroscopy reached 92%, which is better than the treatment effect of traditional surgery. 8.What are the points to note in preventing frozen shoulder? (1) Pay attention to the cold and keep warm. Avoid stimulation of muscle tissue and spasm, which will cause fibrous degeneration of muscle cells and muscle contraction dysfunction and cause various symptoms. (2) Strengthen the functional exercise of shoulder joint, elderly people can often play taijiquan, taiji sword, gateball, etc. (3) Correct bad posture. For people who often work with their shoulders in abduction, they should pay attention to adjusting their posture to avoid chronic strain and accumulative injury caused by long-term poor posture. (4) Pay attention to related diseases that can easily cause secondary frozen shoulder, such as diabetes, cervical spondylosis, shoulder and upper limb injuries, thoracic surgery and neurological diseases, and maintain the mobility of the shoulder joint. (5) For patients who have developed frozen shoulder, in addition to actively treating the affected side, the healthy side should also be prevented. Some studies have shown that in 40% of patients with frozen shoulder 5-7 years after the disease, frozen shoulder will occur on the opposite side; in about 12% of patients, frozen shoulder will occur on both sides. Therefore, targeted preventive measures should also be taken for the healthy side.