OVERVIEW
Overview of Brazilian Purple Fever (BPF)
Brazilian Purple Fever is an acute fulminant infectious disease of pediatrics first found in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Clinical manifestations include high fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, purpuric rash, and shock. Most children have a history of purulent conjunctivitis.
Whether medical insurance
Yes
Department
Infectious diseases, infectious diseases, pediatric internal medicine
Synonyms
Brazilian Purpura Fever
Clinical Symptoms
High fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, purpuric rash, shock, etc.
Hazards
May be accompanied by disseminated intravascular coagulation, acidosis, shock, etc., which is life-threatening.
Complications
Disseminated intravascular coagulation, acidosis, shock, etc.
Examination
Blood routine, bacterial culture, bacterial identification test, immunization test, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, sudden onset of high fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc., combined with bacterial culture and bacterial identification test.
Treatment principle
Give adequate and effective antibiotic treatment as early as possible.
Curability
The mortality rate is high. Active treatment can improve the prognosis.
Dietary advice
Shock, severe abdominal pain, vomiting should be temporarily fasted or given parenteral nutritional support. 2. High fever should be given a light, easily digestible fluid or semi-fluid diet, supplemented with water. 3. Infants and young children are recommended to breastfeed, and add complementary foods reasonably. 4.
Etiology
Epidemiology
Mostly occurs in the warm season, and the susceptible people are mostly children under 10 years old.
Etiology
Caused by Haemophilus influenzae Egyptian biotype infection.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
Most of them first suffer from purulent conjunctivitis, after the conjunctivitis subsides for a few days, there is a sudden onset of high fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and unconsciousness. Purpuric rash appears on the skin and mucous membranes after 12 to 24 hours of fever, and rapidly spreads to the trunk, limbs and face, accompanied by decreased blood pressure, gastrointestinal bleeding, oliguria, cyanosis, etc. Gangrene may appear on the hands, feet, ears and nose, which may be accompanied by disseminated intravascular coagulation, acidosis and shock.
Diagnostic basis
There is often a history of purulent conjunctivitis. After the conjunctivitis subsides, there is a sudden onset of high fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, purpuric rash, and shock. The diagnosis is confirmed by positive bacterial cultures of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and purpura. However, positive bacterial culture of eye secretion and nasopharynx requires bacterial identification test to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Give adequate and effective antibiotic treatment as early as possible.
Drug treatment
1. Haemophilus influenzae Egyptian biotype is sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, rifamphenicol, fluoroquinolone, cephalosporin antibiotics. 2. Those who have already had a large number of purpura appearing, accompanied by shock should try to replenish the blood volume, correct the acidosis and electrolyte disorders, transfuse fresh blood, and glucocorticosteroids can be used on the basis of a large number of effective antibiotic applications.
Other treatments
High fever should be promptly cooled down physically.
Prognosis
The death rate is high, and active treatment can improve the prognosis.
Nursing care
Daily care
Keep the environment quiet and comfortable, and rest in bed. Closely observe the changes of the condition, calm the child’s emotion, and actively cooperate with the treatment.
Dietary management
1. Shock, severe abdominal pain, vomiting should be temporarily fasting or parenteral nutritional support. 2. High fever should be given a light, easily digestible fluid or semi-liquid diet, supplemental water. 3. Infants and young children are recommended to breastfeeding, and reasonably add complementary foods. 4.