According to the clinical survey of many domestic cancer hospitals, cancer patients in the same period, under the premise of receiving the same treatment, those who have good psychological adjustment and optimistic mood have good prognosis; on the contrary, the prognosis is poor. Besides cancer cells, psychological factors are becoming an important factor to kill the life of tumor patients. It is often said that “the biggest enemy of a person is himself” and “in fact, no one can bring you down, only yourself can bring you down”. Cancer patients maintain an optimistic attitude towards life, establish confidence in overcoming the disease and firmly believe in their own recovery ability, which is the primary premise to overcome cancer (is the statement of primary premise too arbitrary?). . Therefore, it is especially important for patients’ families and medical personnel to grasp the psychological characteristics of patients in time and give corresponding guidance for tumor treatment. Psychological characteristics of tumor patients 1. Fear Most patients are told that they are suffering from cancer without any preparation, their first reaction is to scream in shock, unwilling to believe the truth, and have difficulty in accepting the sudden diagnosis of cancer, suspecting that the doctor may have misdiagnosed them, with a sense of emptiness and uncertainty inside. After diagnosis, there will be fear and despair. Generally, patients have different degrees of one-sided understanding of malignant tumors, thinking that cancer is a terminal disease that is “irredeemable”, and they even think that cancer is a “death sentence for people”. Their fear of cancer is like children’s fear of the darkness. The darkness itself is not scary, but the sense of the unknown and the imagination caused by it is worrying. Especially in the first week after they first get a diagnosis, they wonder, “Why did it have to be themselves?” Regret that they did not go to the hospital earlier for the examination. Anxiety and fear Patients are often prone to doubt whether their disease can be cured, how long they can live, whether the cancer cells have spread, etc.; they suspect that the doctors’ medical treatment level is not high; they suspect that what doctors and relatives tell them about their condition is some deceptive and comforting words. They also fear separation, inability to overcome the disease, loss of self-care ability, pain, incurability, and envy of healthy people. Thus patients are always in a state of inner turmoil. 3. Despair Patients will feel extremely pessimistic and desperate psychologically and highly nervous when they think that their life’s future will end and their hard-working career, warm family and colorful life will all be said goodbye, and they cannot change and get rid of this result. Moreover, patients not only have to bear the pressure of high cancer death rate and expensive medical expenses, but also face the risk of losing their original family and social status, and may suffer great setbacks in their life path. If tumor patients can eliminate the above psychological problems in time and appropriately, especially when receiving surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, it is very important for them to have good treatment effect if they can actively cooperate with doctors to make good psychological adjustment. Marx also said, “A good mood is better than ten pairs of good medicine to relieve physical fatigue and pain.” Psychological care for tumor patients starts from the following aspects 1. To reduce the physical and mental pain of patients, first of all, the influence of “incurable disease” should be removed, and medical personnel should use scientific explanation to explain the general knowledge of the disease, such as etiology, symptoms and prognosis, so that patients can correctly understand the natural course of cancer and adopt a positive attitude. Tell them that with the rapid development of science and technology, the current treatment means and efficacy of many middle and late stage cancers are constantly breaking through and improving, so that patients can actively cooperate with the treatment. Medical staff should treat patients with sincerity, explain the rules of disease development, the degree of mitigation or cure that modern medical procedures can achieve, and guarantee that treatment will not bring serious consequences to patients, so as to establish a trusting relationship with patients; at the same time, express emotional comfort and concern to patients, so that they can feel that they are not alone in facing misfortune, and doctors will do their best to help them, so that they can believe deep down in their hearts that they can be cured. They should believe that they can be cured and that the doctor will be able to help them, so as to strengthen the patients’ belief in survival. For patients with heavy worries, make them realize that poor psychological and mental state can lead to deterioration of their condition, and free them from much thinking and worrying. 3, to reduce anxiety in the patient’s mind, often hope that after taking drugs “immediate results”, after surgery to remove the disease. But wishes are wishes, but things are not so simple, especially cancer, which is one of the most persistent diseases and cannot be solved quickly. If patients have anxiety and lose confidence in treatment, the disease will worsen. Therefore, cancer patients should be prepared to fight a big battle, a long battle and a bad battle, not to be anxious and not to be impatient, and to follow the “established policy” of treatment, and to confide their pessimism and confusion to their relatives and friends as early as possible, or to go to a psychologist to express their depression and dissatisfaction. Please remember that fear and pain are temporary, and the resulting worries and despair will pass. The patient’s relationship with the people around him is very important for his condition to get better. If you can get along with all parties, you will be able to reduce your inner pressure, be happy and concentrate your “strength” to fight against the disease. Encourage the patient to join some mutual aid organizations, exchange ideas with fellow patients, and invite cured patients to give their personal stories to inspire each other. Organize patients to do what they can to distract their attention. Domestic popular medical publications and books on health care for middle-aged and elderly people have introduced many cases and knowledge on fighting cancer. Communicate as much as possible with cancer patients who have recovered to learn how they overcame their bad emotions and see what experiences they have to learn from. 5. Guide patients to adopt positive ways of coping Encourage patients to insist on exercising for half an hour to one hour a day, such as walking, practicing qigong, playing tai chi, etc., if their physical conditions permit. Those who do not like to exercise can chat with friends or do some small crafts, etc. Timely adjustment of their life coordinates, look down on fame, profit and other immediate interests, listen to healthy and cheerful music, can effectively improve the bad mood. In a word, comprehensive knowledge about the disease, don’t be afraid of tumor, keep a good and optimistic attitude, actively cooperate with doctors to accept the treatment of the disease, communicate with family members and doctors timely and effectively, divert attention appropriately and maintain a good lifestyle are important ways for tumor patients to overcome the persistent disease and regain health.