Schistosomes invade the rectal mucosa, causing inflammation, swelling and even ulceration of the rectal mucosa, resulting in diarrhea, blood in the stool and other symptoms, called schistosomiasis proctitis. I. Etiology Schistosomiasis proctitis is caused by the contact between the caecal larvae of schistosomes and the human body, invading the skin and entering the bloodstream, with the adult parasites in the portal system and the eggs invading the rectal mucosa. The early changes of the disease are many yellow or brown particles in the rectal mucosa, which are deposits of eggs and the resulting scarring; local congestion, edema, and further necrosis to form eosinophilic abscesses; the surface of the intestinal mucosa is necrotic and peels off, forming superficial ulcers with congested edges, from which a large number of eggs enter the intestinal cavity, leading to rectal mucositis, swelling, and even ulceration; granulation tissue proliferation can also be formed, and the occurrence of It can also form granulation tissue proliferation and polyp, resulting in rectal stenosis. Symptoms Patients have chronic disease, emaciation, anemia, general weakness, enlarged liver and spleen, itchy skin, or urticaria, abdominal pain, diarrhea, stool with pus and blood, narrow intestinal tract, which may lead to thin stool, or even difficulty in defecation. The patient has a history of living and living in schistosome infected areas, and a history of typical fever, cough, and urticaria syndrome; on proctoscopy, the rectal mucosa is swollen, congested, and often has polypoid hyperplasia or ulcers; the strictures are mostly found at the junction of the rectum and sigmoid colon. During finger examination, the low stenosis can be felt as hard and rough. If the rectal mucosa is pressed or biopsied, schistosome eggs can be found. Treatment (a) Internal treatment: Chinese medicine treatment can be prescribed with reference to the first section of evidence-based treatment. If necessary, use antimony potassium tartrate, antimony sodium hypogallate, antimony sodium gluconate and other treatments. (B) external treatment: generally do not need to make local surgical treatment, such as the diagnosis of schistosomiasis, should be promptly sent to the blood prevention hospital treatment. (C) systemic therapy: pay attention to dietary regimen, work and rest, and enhance physical fitness. And systemic schistosomiasis treatment to eliminate the cause of the disease.