There are many possible causes of calf swelling and pain, the more common ones are poor venous or lymphatic return, which can lead to calf swelling and pain, and gouty arthritis or salpingitis, which can also lead to calf swelling and pain, as well as some systemic diseases, which can also lead to calf swelling and pain. For calf swelling and pain, the first thing to do is to see if the patient’s legs are symmetrical bilaterally, and if they are not symmetrical, then we should look for local causes, and the most common local cause is poor venous reflux, and we should ask the patient to do a venous ultrasound of the lower extremities, which will help us to identify the cause. If the patient has poor lymphatic drainage, filariasis, or something like that, it can also lead to swelling and pain in the lower legs. In addition to that, things like gouty arthritis or tansy can also lead to swelling and pain in the lower legs. But in addition to pain, the patient will often also have a reddish color of the calf, in addition to the situation of fever, in addition, such as some cardiac causes, hepatic causes, renal causes, etc., can also appear in the calf of swelling, pain, usually more serious swelling, will appear the feeling of pain.