Cervical disease management Cervical lesions: These are various lesions that occur in the cervical region, including inflammation, injury, tumors (and precancerous lesions), malformations, and endometriosis. Cervical lesions are one of the most common disorders in women; cervical cancer is the most serious cervical lesion and the second most common cancer in women after breast cancer; in developed countries, the incidence has decreased significantly due to early diagnosis and treatment of precancerous cervical lesions; in developing countries, the incidence of cervical cancer is six times higher than in developed countries, and 80% of these patients are diagnosed with invasive cancer. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in young cervical cancer patients, the reason for which may be related to the increase in human papillomavirus infection (HPV). Therefore, in a sense, cervical cancer is an infectious disease. Clinical manifestations: 1. Acute cervicitis: increased leucorrhea, purulent, accompanied by back pain and lower abdominal discomfort. 2. Chronic cervicitis: leucorrhea, puffy white, mucus-like or with blood in the leucorrhea, or bleeding during sexual intercourse, accompanied by vulvar itching, lumbosacral pain, aggravated during menstruation. Signs: acute cervicitis, gynecological examination, cervical congestion, edema, tenderness; chronic cervicitis, gynecological examination, varying degrees of cervical erosion, hypertrophy or polyps. Examination and determination of cervical lesions Clinical physical examination (visualization, palpation); cytology (traditional pap smear, TCT, etc.); colposcopy Biopsy and pathological histological diagnosis; DNA detection analysis, etc. Normal cell DI value is mostly 1, DI value 〉2.5 Carcinoma is possible. (Normal report is that no abnormal DNA ploidy cells are seen) Treatment of cervicitis: drugs, electrodesection, laser, freezing, electrocoagulation, surgery.